Speakers should prepare a brief presentation outline first and then develop the full
preparation outline in more detail.
Using an organizational structure that makes the speech easy to follow is an effective
way to motivate listeners to pay attention to the speech.
Persuasive strategies require a more detailed analysis of the target audience and their
motivations than informative speeches do.
Sign reasoning is usually effective because most signs are infallible.
Your research notes should include full bibliographic citations for all sources, print and
electronic.
Your classmates in public speaking class can be transformed from a captive audience to
a voluntary audience with effective audience adaptation.
Whenever examples are used in an argument, the speaker is using reasoning by
example.
The strategy of comparing would be particularly appropriate for a speech about the
costs and benefits of mutual funds versus bond funds.
The introduction and conclusion should be developed as separate sections of the
outline.
The development of the thesis is accomplished in the introduction of the speech.
When Kim Lee decided that she wanted to speak about the need for open borders
between North Korea and South Korea, she was establishing the thesis of her speech.
Speeches that use defining strategies are partly persuasive because defining terms
always influences listeners to think about things in a certain way.
The best way to improve your presentation is to keep your attention on your speech and
on your audience.
Whenever a listener disagrees with a speaker’s reasoning, the speaker has committed a
fallacy.
Several computer programs allow you to incorporate many types of visual aids into a
multimedia presentation.
When speaking to a diverse audience, it is best to use a variety of types of supporting
material.
Rate is the amount of money the speaker charges for giving a speech.
Speech topics are chosen for the speaker by the audience.
Informing, persuading, and entertaining are three distinctly different kinds of speeches.
“I”m going to talk about computers” is an appropriate thesis statement for an
informative speech.
The speaker should appeal to multiple needs because audiences are generally made up
of people with different needs.
Reporting is unbiased so it is the only truly informative strategy.
The effective use of humor is the key to a successful roast.
For many students, choosing a topic is the most difficult part of the speech-making
process.
If your listeners can identify a noticeable difference between the people, objects, or
events you are comparing, you cannot use reasoning by analogy.
Dialogue is a strategy for creating personification in a speech.
A commencement speech is intended to combine humor with a serious point.
Voluntary audiences are generally motivated and receptive to the speaker’s message.
Pep talks and after-dinner speeches are of similar types because both pose challenges to
the audience.
If we were to apply the artistic standard to the speech of artists and swindlers who talk
people out of thousands of dollars, we would consider those people to be good
speakers.
The four types of ceremonial speaking are greetings, tributes, speeches marking awards,
and farewells.
Hypothetical examples can help listeners imagine themselves in a particular situation.
The presentation outline is used to compose the speech and is developed in detail.
The visualization step of the motivated sequence encourages listeners to visualize the
scope and importance of a problem.
The critical listener begins with the assumption that the speaker knows what he or she is
talking about.
Topics that have been addressed many times are not appropriate to the rhetorical
situation.
Audience members quickly change first impressions as a speaker changes his or her
delivery style.
The purpose of a speech is the main idea that you want to get across about your topic.
You should select a speech topic that is __________.
a. important to you and interesting to the audience
b. popular
c. controversial
d. easily researched
Simple conjunctions such as “furthermore,” “in addition,” and “moreover” commonly
serve as ________ in a speech.
a. signposts
b. complete transitions
c. links
d. internal previews
Magda attended a two-day celebration of campus diversity. She decided to make this
event the topic of her upcoming informative speech. Which informative strategy is she
most likely to use?
a. defining
b. reporting
c. describing
d. explaining
Many people misunderstand the term “persuasion,” believing that it only applies to
__________.
a. reversing an audience’s beliefs or behaviors
b. moving the audience from attitude to action
c. inducing a specific action
d. motivating listeners to pursue a higher level of needs
What is an internal summary?
a. a mental reminder to the speaker to summarize his or her points
b. a claim within the speech
c. a summary of the main ideas within the conclusion of the speech
d. a statement in the body of a speech that reminds listeners what they have just heard
One purpose of the conclusion, which draws the main ideas in the speech together in a
way that helps listeners remember, is called __________.
a. establishing rapport with the audience
b. building identification with the audience
c. summarizing the main ideas
d. stating the purpose
Mainstream audiences in the United States overwhelmingly favor which style of
presentation?
a. home
b. middle
c. plain
d. grand
Evaluation standards for assessing the quality of a speech should be based on an
understanding of __________.
a. the rhetorical situation and the speaker’s purpose
b. audience predispositions and audience feedback
c. speaker’s style and speaker’s ethos
d. the speech situation and the speech timeframe
In what way does listening differ from hearing?
a. Hearing processes sounds; listening interprets the sounds’ meaning.
b. Hearing is sensory and listening is nonsense.
c. Listening is used for speeches; hearing is used for conversations.
d. Listening is physiological; hearing is psychological.
What are the two elements of a clear message?
a. ethos and identification
b. introduction and conclusion
c. audience and occasion
d. purpose and thesis
Conducting a personal inventory is a strategy for __________.
a. selecting a topic
b. creating a strategic plan
c. researching the topic
d. brainstorming
Which statement is true regarding extemporaneous speaking?
a. You should practice your speech with the presentation outline until you can express
your ideas naturally.
b. Because the speech requires careful preparation, no practice is necessary.
c. You should practice over and over until it sounds the same every time.
d. You should limit your practice to two or three times so the speech will sound fresh
when you deliver it.
Which reference work would you need to find the origin of a word?
a. dictionary
b. index
c. atlas
d. general encyclopedia
Brainstorming to identify potential speech topics is a strategy for __________.
a. conducting a personal inventory
b. critical thinking
c. choosing a good topic
d. narrowing the scope of the topic
The specific purpose statement clearly identifies the __________.
a. outcome sought from the audience
b. principle claim of the speech
c. central idea of the speech
d. goal of the assignment
The final step in strategic planning is to __________.
a. determine your purpose
b. identify constraints
c. identify opportunities
d. select the means
Pie graphs best illustrate __________.
a. how variables constitute proportions or percentages of a whole
b. comparisons and contrasts among one or two variables
c. how one variable changes as a function of another
d. how multiple variables vary in relation to each other
Which of the following is the term for the study of how messages affect people?
a. critical thinking
b. strategic planning
c. feedback
d. rhetoric
Time Fortune, Harpers, and the Quarterly Journal of Speech are examples of
__________.
a. newspapers
b. abstracts
c. periodicals
d. compilations
When using a visual aid, where should the speaker look?
a. facing the screen or visual aid
b. in any direction, so long as you point at the visual aid when appropriate
c. at the audience
d. with their back to the audience
The pattern of choices attributed to a person by others to characterize or distinguish him
or her is referred to as __________.
a. archetype
b. genre
c. style
d. perception
Which of the following are examples of speeches of tribute?
a. testimonials, eulogies, toasts, and roasts
b. symposia, group discussions, and forums
c. pep talks, commencement addresses, and after-dinner speeches
d. epideictic, forensic, and deliberative speeches
Which of the following statements is a statement of fact?
a. The United States must protect itself from international terrorism.
b. Laptop computer prices are bound to drop over the next 5 years.
c. Universal health care is an idea whose time has come.
d. Mortgage rates are at a twenty-year low.
Thorough research is the best way to ensure that you have met which of the following
ethical criterion?
a. showing respect for the topic
b. showing respect for the listeners
c. showing concern for the consequences of the speech
d. taking responsibility for your statements
Which of the following is a guideline for effective note taking?
a. Make at least two copies of your notes so you can double-check for accuracy.
b. Use a notebook so as to keep all your notes in one place.
c. Include full bibliographic citations.
d. Use direct quotes from every source.
An outline indicates the importance of ideas within a speech, signifying the main ideas
with __________.
a. uppercase letters
b. lowercase letters
c. Roman numerals
d. Arabic numerals
Appropriate inflection can have the effect of __________.
a. damaging the speaker’s credibility
b. distracting the listeners’ attention
c. distorting the message
d. enhancing the speaker’s message
According to your textbook, one potential drawback of using an anecdote in your
introduction is that it __________.
a. may distract from the preview of your topic
b. may be dull and uninteresting to the audience
c. may reveal your thesis prematurely
d. requires more effort from the listeners to interpret
Jamison used a __________ to show how job creation rates change as a function of
raising or lowering tax rates on businesses.
a. line graph
b. bar graph
c. textual graphics
d. pie graph
Which type of speech is delivered without preparation?
a. impromptu
b. manuscript
c. extemporaneous
d. ineffective
For an audience of military science majors, a speech about infantry battle strategy is
well suited to their __________.
a. ethos
b. self-interest
c. personal interests
d. demographics
What is true of the consequences of your speech?
a. You will know what all the effects will be.
b. You are legally responsible for the speech effects.
c. Ethical standards demand that you think about the effect of your speech.
d. Listeners have ethical obligations, but speakers do not.
What is most Americans’ greatest fear?
a. public speaking
b. heights
c. death
d. loss of ethos
The most important aspect of facial expression is __________.
a. making eye contact
b. smiling
c. eyebrow raising
d. smirking
Faulty pronunciation often has a negative effect on a speaker’s __________ because
listeners get the impression that the speaker is ignorant or incompetent.
What are the three goals of a conclusion? Provide a description of each goal.
Simple steps will turn nervousness into a(n) __________ for most speakers.
__________ is a quality that makes a narrative strike a responsive chord with listeners,
allowing them to identify with the story and to relate it to their own experiences.
Informative strategies presume that the principal goal of the speech is to __________
with the audience.
Explain how occasions create constraints for speeches and how absolute those
constraints are. Give an example of an occasion, the constraints it presents, and how a
speaker might go beyond those constraints.
How does a listener apply critical thinking to the speech situation? What should a
speaker do to satisfy the critical listener?
When making note of supporting material, the speaker has to decide whether to quote or
paraphrase. It is more efficient to __________.
Rhetorical proof does not guarantee that claims are true but establishes that claims are
__________ and should be taken seriously by critical listeners.
Identify the three types of occasions for public speaking. Define each and explain how
each type of occasion affects the type of speech to be given. Discuss differences
between the demands of different occasions.
When giving a(n) __________ speech, you should express gratitude, thank those who
made your accomplishments possible, and indicate that you understand the values that
the award represents.
What approach should speakers take to the question of how clear they should be? What
strategies are available to the speaker to achieve appropriate levels of clarity?
The imagined ‘space” where people speak to exchange ideas is called the __________.
Keep your body relaxed and comfortable, and make a special effort not to “lock” your
__________.
A simile states that one thing is like another; a __________ names a thing as if it were
another.
Many organizations begin meetings with a __________ speech, which sets the agenda
for the group and aims to create unity and a sense of community.
How does an electronic database differ from a search engine? Describe the information
each has that the other does not.
John gave an account of his trip to New Jersey to help Hurricane Sandy victims. He
wanted to convey, in vivid detail, the conditions faced by those victims. His best choice
of strategy to achieve this was __________.
A group presentation consisting of several panelists each discussing a different aspect of
the general topic is known as a __________.
Define selective attention and selective exposure, and explain the strategies available to
a speaker to overcome these problems. Identify which strategies you believe are most
likely to succeed.