Discrimination, especially for language decoding, requires _________________ to hold
a message during processing.
a. Working memory
b. Short term memory
c. Episodic memory
d. Long term memory
The _________________ is interested in the psychological processes and constructs
underlying language.
a. Linguist
b. Psycholinguist
c. Sociolinguist
d. Behavioral psychologist
e. Speech-language pathologist
Once an infant begins to use ________________, his/her mother will no longer accept
other, less consistent vocalizations.
a. PCFs
b. Real words
c. Protodeclaratives
d. Pointing
__________________ is a socially shared code or conventional system for representing
concepts through the use of arbitrary symbols and rule-governed combinations of those
symbols.
a. Language
b. Speech
c. Communication
d. Bilingualism
The _______________________ is specialized for linguistic processing.
a. Left frontal lobe
b. Left temporal lobe
c. Right frontal lobe
d. Right temporal lobe
Increasing revision in preschool syntax indicates _________________________.
a. Less skill
b. More skill
c. Language impairment
d. Poor parent input
____________________ is how preschoolers use what they know to figure out what
they don”t know.
a. Bootstrapping
b. Hypothesis testing
c. Selective imitation
d. Evocative utterances
By age 2, a toddler has an expressive vocabulary of about ____________ words.
a. 50
b. 50-200
c. 150-300
d. 500
Intra- and inter-transcriber reliability should be ensured because
a. Recording methods are not always available.
b. Errors can occur in transcription.
c. Microphones used to record samples can malfunction.
d. Researchers are not well-trained in the transcription process.
When you are having an in-person conversation, approximately __________ of the
information is carried by nonspeech means.
a. 10%
b. 30%
c. 60%
d. 80%
All of the brain’s neurons are developed by ________________________.
a. The end of the first trimester
b. The end of the second trimester
c. The end of the third trimester
d. 3 months of age
Speakers use the ____________________ function to make demands and requests, to
protest, and to direct others.
a. Control
b. Expressive
c. Tutorial
d. Procedural
In general, the ___________________ are more active than other regions in both
perception and production of language.
a. Frontal and temporal lobes
b. Frontal and parietal lobes
c. Parietal and temporal lobes
d. Temporal and occipital lobes
In the gestures and vocalizations phase of joint reference development, mothers’
comments based on the child’s action or interest at 9 months seem related to better
____________________ later on.
a. Expressive vocabulary
b. Language comprehension
c. Pragmatics
d. Syntactical skills
________________________ are based on recognizing patterns of incoming
information.
a. Information processing models
b. Top-Down/Bottom-Up processing
c. Passive/Active processing
d. Serial/Parallel processing
Most speech sounds are acquired by age ___________.
a. 2
b. 3
c. 5
d. 10
At what age can children segment verbs from fluent speech?
a. 6 months
b. 7.5 months
c. 9 months
d. 13.5 months
When second language learning begins after puberty, _____________________.
a. Native language proficiency can be obtained in 2-3 years
b. It is difficult to obtain native language proficiency
c. Native language proficiency cannot be obtained
d. Native language proficiency can be obtained in 4-7 years
Imitation of others is important for _________________________.
a. Vocabulary growth
b. Multiword production
c. Syntax development
d. Phonological development
__________________________ development is related to language use, cognitive
development, reading ability, academic achievement, IQ, environmental stimulation,
and play.
a. Processing speed
b. Phonological
c. Metalinguistic
d. Theory of mind
Approximately _________ of what toddlers say is an imitation of other speakers.
a. 5%
b. 10%
c. 20%
d. 40%
As adolescents, children with ______________________ tend to be less independent
than typically developing peers.
a. Nonstandard dialects
b. Bilingual parents
c. Language impairments
d. A history of cross-language adoption
The most common type of noncontiguous assimilation is ________________.
a. Stopping
b. Back assimilation
c. Front assimilation
d. Gliding
Early morphologic development focuses on concrete relationships, such as
__________________________.
a. Person markers
b. Plural and possession
c. Verb tense and time
d. Number markers