Olivia, a new supervisor, is creating a template for a supervisory contract she can use
with supervisees. In the contract, she should include information related to all of the
following EXCEPT:
a. goals and objectives.
b. her personal religious and sexual values.
c. evaluation of job performance.
d. cultural and advocacy competencies.
Leanne began to feel overwhelmed with her job at the counseling center. In addition to
her regular duties, she was responsible for supervising all trainees. To manage her time,
she spent a disproportionate amount of time with certain trainees and neglected others,
assuming they had the skills to fend for themselves. If a client of one of her neglected
trainees decided to file a lawsuit, it is likely that Leanne would bear:
a. breach of confidentiality.
b. breach of informed consent.
c. no liability because her employer would be held responsible.
d. vicarious and direct liability.
Robert runs into the office, unprepared and frustrated because he is late for his weekly
appointment with his first client of the day. He is consistently late for his appointments.
His behavior is:
a. immoral.
b. illegal.
c. unethical.
d. unprofessional.
The culturally encapsulated counselor is characterized by:
a. defining reality according to the client’s reality.
b. showing sensitivity to cultural variations among individuals.
c. evaluating other viewpoints and making attempts to accommodate the behavior of
others.
d. define reality according to a narrow set of cultural assumptions and fail to evaluate
other viewpoints, making little attempt to understand and accept the behavior of others.
In addition to learning about ethical decision making regarding dilemmas encountered
in group work, three other experiences are suggested as adjuncts to a training program
for group workers. Which of the following is NOT one of these experiences?
a. Personal experience in a self-exploration group
b. Survey of evidence-based practice
c. Personal (individual) psychotherapy
d. Becoming involved in supervised experiences
People who say they are usually are trying to communicate that they do not
discriminate and that they treat others equally; however, in doing so, they are ignoring a
vital part of that person’s identity.
a. racist
b. microaggressive
c. color blind
d. culturally aware
Training programs have a responsibility to complete all of the following EXCEPT:
a. honor their commitment to the students they admit.
b. protect future consumers who will be served by those who graduate.
c. screen candidates so the public will be protected from incompetent practitioners.
d. continue evaluating students up to five years after graduation.
Which one of the following is NOT considered a guideline to minimizing the likelihood
of sexual transgressions by clinicians?
a. Seek professional support during times of personal loss or crisis.
b. Differentiate between having sexual attraction to clients and acting on this attraction.
c. Avoid terminating the therapeutic relationship, even when sexual feelings obscure
objectivity.
d. Make it a practice to examine and monitor feelings and behaviors toward clients.
The acronym DSM-5 stands for:
a. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: 5th Edition
b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Diseases: 5th Edition
c. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Muscle Disorders: 5th Edition
d. Deviant Syndromes Manual: Treatment and Remediation: 5th Edition
Ethical practice demands that group practitioners inform prospective participants of the
potential risks involved in the group experience and reduce unnecessary psychological
risks. A variety of factors or events result in members having a negative group
experience. Which of the following is NOT a factor or event?
a. Leader support
b. Premature pressure to disclose
c. Aggressive leadership style
d. Lack of clarity about group norms
Susan is in a counselor training program and is infatuated with her supervisor. She has
indicated that she is interested in pursuing an intimate relationship. In order to provide
adequate supervision for Susan, her supervisor would need to:
a. clearly define and maintain ethical, professional, and social relationship boundaries
with Susan.
b. adopt the role of counselor and work with her therapeutically.
c. suggest that she transfer to another training program.
d. let Susan know that there is no possibility for intimacy until she graduates from the
program.
Practitioners must have a clear understanding of ____________and have a sense of the
expected outcomes of their interventions.
a. the creativity behind the techniques they employ
b. the client’s family members
c. the techniques they employ
d. the client’s entire life story
The first essential step towards ethical decision making is:
a. identifying the problem or dilemma.
b. knowing the applicable laws.
c. choosing a solution.
d. reviewing the process.
The goal of counseling from a social justice perspective is:
a. to promote the empowerment of people who are marginalized and oppressed in our
society.
b. to study each agency’s philosophy and policies.
c. to be prepared to conduct intensive medical treatment.
d. to promote the empowerment of people who are not marginalized and oppressed.
Marie is working with a lesbian client who is in a dysfunctional relationship with
another woman. She is seeking counseling to sort out her options regarding leaving her
emotionally abusive partner. Marie can assist her client by:
a. automatically attributing her client’s problems to her sexual orientation.
b. attempting to change the sexual orientation of her client.
c. supporting her client’s attempt to leave the abusive relationship, work on her abuse
issues, and eventually enter into a positive lesbian relationship.
d. encouraging her client to realize how difficult it is to live in a lesbian relationship.
Virtuous professionals:
a. are motivated to do what is right, but tend to ignore it.
b. function within their professional code of ethics because they fear the consequences
if they do not.
c. possess vision and discernment, which involves sensitivity, judgment, and
understanding and leads to decisive ethical actions.
d. typically focus on moral issues with the goals of solving a particular dilemma.
When practitioners weigh multiple and often competing demands and goals, they must
use:
a. their attorneys to help them work through ethical issues.
b. their former advisors as sounding boards.
c. their professional judgment.
d. common sense.
As a matter of law, _______________refers to the constitutional right of an individual
to be left alone and to control their personal information.
a. self-disclosure
b. privileged communication
c. privacy
d. confidentiality
Which of the following statements has NOT been supported by research?
a. Therapy is helpful to the majority of clients.
b. Most people achieve some change relatively quickly in therapy.
c. Generally speaking, therapies achieve similar outcomes.
d. People change more due to specific factors.
Some sources of counselor stress include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. a stressful work environment.
b. practicing mindfulness.
c. the stress that clients experience and talk about in therapy.
d. working in managed care and educational systems.
Social justice is referred to as a_______________, which entails a paradigm shift
beyond the individual and represents
a proactive concern with advocacy and social change and focuses on changing systems
and policies on multiple levels.
a. community orientation
b. systems inequity
c. fifth force
d. social change
Neglecting to attend to family-of-origin issues can lead to ____________ such as being
attracted to clients.
a. blind spots
b. bartering
c. the ethical deterioration phenomenon
d. the slippery slope phenomenon
Students should be advised as early as possible if their behavior is problematic, and:
a. they should be given direction and opportunities to improve problem areas.
b. they should be terminated from the program immediately.
c. they should be ridiculed in a public arena.
d. they should be allowed to continue without further direction.
When a client is unable to afford therapy, it is possible that he or she may:
a. offer a bartering arrangement or exchanging goods in lieu of a fee.
b. offer sexual favors in exchange for services.
c. force the therapist to continue treatment free of charge.
d. report the therapist to his or her license board if he or she refuses to continue
treatment and receive payment when the client can afford it at a later date.
Although the ethics codes of the various professional organizations have specific
differences, some of the common themes include:
a. being interested in the welfare of clients, avoiding harm and exploitation, and
protecting client’s confidentiality and privacy.
b. practicing outside the scope of one’s competence and utilizing mandatory ethics.
c. avoiding discrimination of client ethnicity while providing minimal services.
d. acting ethically responsible and focused on limiting professional sanctions.
In this role, counselors assist clients in recognizing oppressive forces in the community
as a source of their problem and teach their clients strategies for developing political
power to bring about change in the clients’ social and physical environment.
a. Change agent
b. Consultant
c. Adviser
d. Ombudsman
Because providing counseling services over the Internet (also known as remote services
or distance counseling) is relatively new and controversial, a host of legal questions will
NOT be addressed until:
a. the APA meets again to update the DSM.
b. the next ACA annual conference.
c. lawsuits are filed pertaining to its use, or misuse, in counseling practice.
d. clients are interviewed about the effectiveness of online counseling.
As a part of the process of screening candidates for a therapist training program,
counselor educators should complete all of the following EXCEPT:
a. provide candidates with information about what will be expected of them.
b. encourage candidates to screen the program to ensure a good fit.
c. place most of the emphasis on candidates’ GRE scores.
d. inform candidates they are expected to engage in self-disclosure and to participate in
various self-growth activities.