56. Research on aging and creativity has shown that older individuals are _____ than younger adults.
a.
less original and less productive with creative ideas
b.
as original and less productive with creative ideas
c.
original but more productive with creative ideas
d.
as productive but less original with creative ideas
57. The fact that adults born in the 1980s have higher adult IQs than adults born in the 1950s illustrates the _____ effect.
a.
cumulative-deficit
b.
Flynn
c.
intellectual disability
d.
terminal drop
58. A researcher is using a measure in which both the emotional and verbal responsiveness of a parent and the provision
of appropriate play materials are being assessed. Given this description, the researcher appears to be using the
a.
b.
c.
d.
59. Which “home environment” factor seems to be most important for the intellectual development of a child?
a.
Having several older siblings
b.
Having several younger siblings
c.
A permissive parenting style
d.
Parental involvement with the child
60. Which statement best describes the impact of genetics and environment on a child’s IQ?
a.
At age two, maternal IQ best predicts the IQ of a child; by age four, the impact of the quality of the home
environment becomes as good a predictor as maternal IQ.
b.
At age two, the quality of the home environment best predicts the IQ of a child; by age four, maternal IQ
becomes as good a predictor as the quality of the home environment.
c.
At age two, paternal IQ best predicts the IQ of a child; by age four, the impact of the quality of the home
environment becomes as good a predictor as paternal IQ.
d.
At age two, the quality of the home environment best predicts the IQ of a child; by age four, paternal IQ
becomes as good a predictor as the quality of the home environment.
61. Scarr and Weinberg’s research on social class and IQ showed that
a.
children from disadvantaged homes could raise their IQs if adopted into middle-class homes with intelligent
adoptive parents.
b.
children from disadvantaged homes continue to show significant deficits in IQ even after being adopted into
middle-class homes with intelligent adoptive parents.
c.
children from poor economic conditions do not differ significantly in IQ from children from average or above
average economic conditions.
d.
improving the economic conditions of the home has no significant impact on children’s IQs because IQ is so
strongly affected by genes.
62. Research on genetics and intelligence test scores has shown that
a.
genetic factors can help partially explain between-group variation but not within-group variation.
b.
genetic factors can help partially explain within-group variation but not between-group variation.
c.
genetic factors can help partially explain between-group variation and within-group variation.
d.
genetic factors cannot help partially explain neither between-group variation or within-group variation.
63. Which environmental change is most likely to positively impact an African-American child’s IQ score?
a.
Raising them in a home environment with little media exposure
b.
Exposing them to a “culture of tests and the school”
c.
Telling them to ignore the impact of poverty
d.
Offering more developmental programs in high school
64. Reba has been accurately diagnosed as being affected by organic intellectual disability. Which statement about Reba
would ALWAYS be true?
a.
Reba’s disability is due to some identifiable biological cause.
b.
Reba’s level of disability would be either severe or profound.
c.
Reba was raised in an understimulating environment.
d.
Reba has three 21st chromosomes.
65. Which statement about the classification of intellectual disabilities is true?
a.
About 10% of school-age children are classified as having an intellectual disability.
b.
The rate of children diagnosed with mild intellectual disabilities has increased dramatically in the past few
decades.
c.
Parents seldom negatively react to a child’s disability.
d.
Children with intellectual disabilities often have associated impairments like cerebral palsy or a sensory
disorder.
66. Results from the Camberwell Cohort study indicated that for adults diagnosed with intellectual disabilities in early
life, the
a.
majority of symptoms disappeared by adolescence.
b.
original diagnosis had been changed by middle age.
c.
overall quality of their lives was lower than that of non-impaired peers.
d.
level of impact on their lives was unrelated to the severity of the disability.
67. Using today’s standards, how would Wendy be accurately classified as a “gifted” child?
a.
She only needs an IQ score of at least 160.
b.
She must perform in the top 10% on a given task.
c.
She needs a high IQ score and some special abilities.
d.
She needs a high IQ score or some special abilities.
68. The primary way gifted children can be identified at an early age is by their
a.
advanced language skills.
b.
good social interaction skills.
c.
high level of motor activity.
d.
lack of motivation to act due to a fear of perfectionism.
69. Which of the following accurately summarizes Terman’s famous longitudinal study of findings regarding gifted
children (i.e., the “Termites”)?
a.
Gifted children are often emotionally immature.
b.
Gifted children are not as well adjusted as their age-mates.
c.
Gifted children are well adjusted and morally mature.
d.
Gifted children are well adjusted but physically frail.
70. In the past, developmentalists believed that human intelligence is ________, whereas now it is commonly understood
that intelligence is ________.
a.
learned; inborn
b.
static; malleable
c.
adaptive; inflexible
d.
clinical; creative
71. Efraim is a developmental psychologist who favors the psychometric approach to studying human intelligence. Which
of the following would be the focus of his work?
a.
assessing investments
b.
analyzing processes
c.
measuring traits
d.
determining contexts
72. Trey is highly skilled at being able to visualize and create three-dimensional forms from schematic drawings.
Spearman’s concept of intelligence would identify this as a ________ ability.
a.
secondary
b.
sophisticated
c.
special
d.
substantial
73. Which of the following would most likely require you to use fluid intelligence?
a.
playing a word-spelling game
b.
completing a driver’s license test
c.
preparing a meal from a recipe
d.
deliberating a criminal trial verdict
74. Marya is a participant in a television competition in which she is blindfolded and taken to a remote, unfamiliar
location. To win, she must arrive at the designated finish point within 12 hours. What will Marya likely need to draw upon
to succeed at this competition?
a.
terminal intelligence
b.
g factor intelligence
c.
fluid intelligence
d.
crystallized intelligence
75. Which of the following statements best reflects Gardner’s perspective on intelligence?
a.
Practical intelligence must be mastered before other types can be learned.
b.
People share three core types of intelligence that develop in strict patterns.
c.
Each person has unique sets of intelligence that develop at varying rates.
d.
Intelligence is a function of one’s ability to operate in particular situations.
76. Which of the following would be the best visual model for human intelligence?
a.
a single, large box
b.
a set of dots in a line
c.
a set of stacked steps
d.
a random scatter of dots
77. Tenisha has an IQ of 137. Within how many standard deviations does Tenisha’s score fall from the average?
a.
−2
b.
+1
c.
+3
d.
+5
78. Which perspective on intelligence best reflects individual learning styles and capabilities?
a.
Spearman’s two-factor theory
b.
Binet’s mental age theory
c.
Sternberg’s triarchic theory
d.
Gardner’s multiple intelligence theory
79. Paolo is studying to be a minister. He hopes one day to lead a congregation and counsel people facing difficult
problems related to life and faith. Which of Gardner’s intelligences does Paolo likely excel in relative to other people?
a.
spatial-visual intelligence
b.
interpersonal intelligence
c.
existential intelligence
d.
intrapersonal intelligence
80. Which of the following concepts best reflects the intelligence of a homeless person living in a major urban city?
a.
Spearman’s g-factor intelligence
b.
Gardner’s spatial-visual intelligence
c.
Sternberg’s practical intelligence
d.
Cattell and horn’s crystallized intelligence
81. Now that Estella has completed the training period at her new job, she finds that many of her bookkeeping tasks
reflect a kind of personal automatization. What aspect of Estella’s work role does this address?
a.
interactions
b.
efficiency
c.
accuracy
d.
compliance
82. By any accounts, Dania is considered a very creative person. What do people see in Dania’s work?
a.
spirit and intellect
b.
insight and craft
c.
value and novelty
d.
passion and humanity
83. Mikal is currently deeply engaged in the practice of ideational fluency. What is he doing?
a.
brainstorming
b.
studying
c.
designing
d.
analyzing
84. Baby Xinyi is participating in an object permanence activity. On which of the Bayley scales will the doctor note his
score on this test?
a.
creativity scale
b.
motor scale
c.
language scale
d.
cognitive scale
85. Jose and Debbie are thrilled that their daughter Zoe has started babbling. It sounds like nonsense, but Zoe’s behavior
would be noted as a milestone on which of the Bayley scales of development?
a.
cognition
b.
creativity
c.
language
d.
interactivity
86. Which of the following children will be the most insulated from environmental influences that can negatively impact
their intellectual development?
a.
Yolanda, who is 16 months old
b.
Bryce, who is 28 months old
c.
Betsy, who is 3 years old
d.
Terrence, who is 5 years old
87. As an infant, Keith scored highly on the Bayley scale, however as a high school student, his IQ is slightly below
average. What likely accounts for this discontinuity?
a.
His Bayley scores reflect motor skills and his Stanford-Binet scores reflect sensory skills.