(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (7—1)
Henslin, Essentials of Sociology, 12th Edition, Test Bank
Chapter 7: Global Stratification
Multiple-Choice Questions
TB_Q7.1.1
_____ is the division of large numbers of people into layers according to their
relative property, power, and prestige.
a. Social stratification
b. Bonded labor
c. Ideology
d. Caste system
TB_Q7.1.2
Which of the following statements about slavery is true?
a. It is a product of modern times.
b. Racism is the usual basis for it.
c. It has been common throughout history.
d. It is always considered an inheritable condition.
TB_Q7.1.3
In some instances, slavery was
a. temporary.
b. sought after by the slaves.
c. not a case of people owning other people.
d. due to the owners being in debt to the slaves.
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (7—2)
TB_Q7.1.4
What is the difference between bonded labor and slavery?
a. They are actually different terms for the same thing.
b. Bonded labor is entered into voluntarily (or arranged by parents).
c. Some people own other people in bonded labor.
d. Slavery is entered into voluntarily.
TB_Q7.1.5
_____ refers to beliefs about the way things ought to be that justify social
arrangements.
a. Social stratification
b. Ideology
c. Endogamy
d. Apartheid
TB_Q7.1.6
A person’s status is a lifelong condition determined by birth in
a. social democracy.
b. bonded labor.
c. a caste system.
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (7—3)
d. all forms of social stratification.
TB_Q7.1.7
In endogamy, one
a. marries within one’s group.
b. is forbidden to marry within one’s group.
c. has multiple wives.
d. does not marry at all.
TB_Q7.1.8
The system of separating racial–ethnic groups that was practiced in South Africa
was called
a. slavery.
b. bonded labor.
c. apartheid.
d. the caste system, which was imported from India.
TB_Q7.1.9
In the estate stratification system of medieval Europe, which was one of the three
groups or “estates”?
a. Soldiers
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (7—4)
b. Clergy
c. Sociologists
d. Techies
TB_Q7.1.10
In a class system, what is the main basis for social stratification?
a. Sexual orientation
b. Money
c. Appearance
d. Kindness
TB_Q7.1.11
The wealthiest 1% of adults worldwide own _____ of the Earth’s wealth.
a. 12%
b. 29%
c. 46%
d. 88%
TB_Q7.1.12
Gender is a basis of social stratification for ______ society(ies) in the world.
a. no
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (7—5)
b. a few
c. many
d. every
TB_Q7.1.13
The tools, factories, land, and investment capital used to produce wealth make up
the
a. bourgeoisie.
b. proletariat.
c. means of production.
d. class consciousness.
TB_Q7.2.14
The bourgeoisie are
a. the proletariat.
b. capitalists.
c. Marx’s term for socialists.
d. low in prestige.
TB_Q7.2.15
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (7—6)
In Marx’s theory, those who were exploited because they do not own the means
of production were called the
a. bourgeoisie.
b. proletariat.
c. clergy
d. superclass.
TB_Q7.2.16
Marx used the term class consciousness to refer to awareness of a common
identity based on one’s
a. race.
b. caste.
c. position in the means of production.
d. education level.
TB_Q7.2.17
When workers identified with the interests of capitalists, Marx called it _____
class consciousness.
a. false
b. misguided
c. optimistic
d. budding
TB_Q7.2.18
_____ Weber _____ Marx viewed property as significant in determining a
person’s standing in society.
a. Neither; nor
b. Both; and
c. Not; but
d. Notably; but not
TB_Q7.2.19
_____ Weber _____ Marx viewed property as the only source of power.
a. Neither; nor
b. Both; and
c. Not; but
d. Notably; but not
TB_Q7.2.20
Weber believed that
a. property could bring prestige, but prestige could not bring property.
b. property could not bring prestige.
c. prestige could not bring property.
d. property could bring prestige, and prestige could bring property.
TB_Q7.2.21
_____ believe(s) that stratification exists because it is functional for society.
a. All sociologists
b. Functionalists
c. No one
d. Conflict theorists
TB_Q7.3.22
The research of David and Moore (1945, 1953) found that stratification of society
is inevitable because
a. no positions are more important than the other positions.
b. qualified people are most important at the lower levels.
c. for society to function, its positions must be filled.
d. smaller rewards at the top will motivate qualified people.
TB_Q7.3.23
In a meritocracy, all positions are awarded on the basis of
a. power.
b. social standing.
c. education level attained.
d. merit.
TB_Q7.3.24
_____ stress that conflict, not function, is the reason that we have social
stratification.
a. Conflict theorists
b. Functionalists
c. All sociologists of this century
d. Despite the name, no conflict theorists
TB_Q7.3.25
Over a century ago, Mosca said that
a. leadership requires inequalities of power.
b. it is possible for societies to exist without any organization.
c. people in power can be trusted not to use their positions to seize greater rewards
for themselves.
d. in a just society, anyone can be a follower or a leader.
TB_Q7.3.26
In trying to synthesize the views of functionalist and conflict theorists, Lenski
suggested that the concept of _____ is the key.
a. civility
b. surplus
c. merit
d. greed
TB_Q7.4.27
Medieval Europe provides an excellent example of elites maintaining
stratification with
a. an iron fist.
b. monitoring.
c. soft control.
d. hard control.
TB_Q7.4.28
The divine right of kings asserts that the king’s or queen’s authority comes from
a. his or her forbears.
b. God.
c. the people.
d. his or her superior ability.
TB_Q7.4.29
Which of the following is most effective in maintaining society’s stratification?
a. Brute force
b. Controlling people’s ideas
c. Control of food supplies
d. Elites without limits
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (7—11)
TB_Q7.4.30
To maintain their power, elites attempt to _____ information.
a. freely distribute
b. honestly convey
c. shut off all
d. control
TB_Q7.4.31
In Qatar, a poet who criticized the ruling family in a poem was
a. invited to have a public debate with the family.
b. imprisoned for life.
c. invited to marry into the family.
d. sentenced to community service for a year.
TB_Q7.4.32
Which one of the following statements about new technology and the elite is true?
a. New technology makes it easier for the elite to control information.
b. New technology does not give the elite power tools for monitoring citizens like
the old technology did.
c. New technology makes it harder for the elite to control information.
d. For the most part, the elite are unfamiliar with new technology.
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (7—12)
TB_Q7.5.33
The main way the British perpetuate their class system from one generation to the
next is through
a. education.
b. surveillance.
c. the absence of a middle class.
d. wealth.
TB_Q7.5.34
In the former Soviet Union, the main basis for ranking higher in the stratification
system was
a. declaring that socialism was dead.
b. membership in the Communist party.
c. private wealth.
d. social class.
TB_Q7.6.35
The terms that do not imply value judgments about some parts of the world while
splitting it up into conceptual groups are
a. First, Second, and Third Worlds.
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (7—13)
b. Most Industrialized, Industrializing, and Least Industrialized.
c. Best, Better, and Worst.
d. Developed, Developing, and Primitive.
TB_Q7.6.36
The _____ richest people in the world own as much of the world’s wealth as the
bottom half of the whole world’s population.
a. 700
b. 422
c. 153
d. 85
TB_Q7.6.37
Which category of nations has the most land?
a. Most Industrialized Nations
b. Industrializing Nations
c. Least Industrialized Nations
d. Most Populous Nations
TB_Q7.6.38
Sixty percent of the world’s population lives in the
a. Most Industrialized Nations.
b. Industrializing Nations.
c. Least Industrialized Nations.
d. Western Nations.
TB_Q7.6.39
The United States, Canada, Great Britain, France, Japan, Australia, and other
countries make up the
a. Most Industrialized Nations.
b. Industrializing Nations.
c. Least Industrialized Nations.
d. League of Nations.
TB_Q7.6.40
Most of the countries of the former Soviet Union and its former satellites in
Eastern Europe fall into the category of the
a. Most Industrialized Nations.
b. Industrializing Nations.
c. Least Industrialized Nations.
d. Unclassified Nations.
TB_Q7.6.41
In the Least Industrialized Nations, _____ people are poor.
a. none
b. some
c. most
d. all
TB_Q7.6.42
The Oil-Rich, Nonindustrialized Nations, like Kuwait,
a. are part of the Least Industrialized Nations.
b. are distinct from the Least Industrialized Nations in their great wealth.
c. are part of the Most Industrialized Nations.
d. are part of the Industrializing Nations.
TB_Q7.7.43
_____ is the process by which one nation takes over another, usually in order to
exploit its labor and natural resources.
a. Colonialism
b. The culture of poverty
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (7—16)
c. World system theory
d. Capitalism
TB_Q7.7.44
“Core nations” and the “periphery” are part of
a. neocolonialism.
b. colonialism.
c. world system theory.
d. the Most Industrialized Nations.
TB_Q7.7.45
_____ assumes that the values and behaviors of the poor make them
fundamentally different from other people.
a. Colonialism
b. The culture of poverty
c. Neocolonialism
d. World system theory
TB_Q7.8.46
According to sociologist Michael Harrington, when colonialism went out of style,
it was replaced by
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (7—17)
a. functionalism.
b. conflict theory.
c. multinational corporations.
d. neocolonialism.
TB_Q7.8.47
Just by doing business normally, _____ help to maintain internal stratification.
a. local small businesses
b. multinational corporations
c. Industrializing Nations
d. small farmers
TB_Q7.8.48
The heritage of neocolonialism
a. does not affect people in the West today.
b. can be found only in history books.
c. affects people in the West today, in the wars fought and terrorism coming from
the affected areas.
d. is proudly claimed by the nations affected.
TB_Q7.8.49
Global domination
a. remains in the hands of the East.
b. may be on the verge of a major shift from West to East.
c. is shared democratically by the East and the West.
d. may be on the verge of a major shift from East to West.
TB_Q7.9.50
Through the various means, global stratification
a. is easy to maintain.
b. will likely be protected in its present state forever.
c. is not easy to maintain.
d. will probably disappear in a few years.
Essay Questions
TB_Q7.1.51: Describe India’s caste system.
TB_Q7.1.52: What is the global superclass?
TB_Q7.2.53: Discuss the “three Ps” of social class, according to Max Weber.
TB_Q7.3.54: Who receives the most and the least resources under the
functionalist view? Under the conflict theory view?
TB_Q7.7.55: Describe the theory that colonialism explains how the world’s
nations became stratified.