(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (3—1)
Henslin, Essentials of Sociology, 12th Edition, Test Bank
Chapter 3: Socialization
Multiple-Choice Questions
TB_Q3.1.1
According to reports of _____ children, they walked on all fours, growled, and
showed no sensitivity to cold.
a. prehistoric
b. feral
c. isolated
d. institutionalized
TB_Q3.1.2
_____ intrigue sociological researchers, particularly those separated at birth.
a. Quadruplets
b. Feral children
c. Twins
d. Laboratory animals
TB_Q3.1.3
Isolated children require _____ to develop.
a. parents
b. siblings
c. solitary time
d. language
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (3—2)
TB_Q3.1.4
Apparently, having a reasonable level of _____ depends on early, close relations
with other people.
a. artistic ability
b. intelligence
c. health
d. physical coordination
TB_Q3.1.5
After several years of foster care, children in the study in Bucharest (discussed in
the text) had _____ brain cells than children who stayed in the orphanage.
a. more
b. fewer
c. smaller
d. different-shaped
TB_Q3.1.6
The Harlows took baby monkeys away from their mothers to live alone,
frightened them, and observed that the babies clung to terrycloth fake mothers
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (3—3)
rather than wire fake mothers. The experiment intended to prove what might
already have been obvious—that infants need to be
a. frightened.
b. experimental subjects.
c. cuddled.
d. intimately familiar with fear.
TB_Q3.2.7
The term _____ was coined by Charles Cooley.
a. looking-glass self
b. a stitch in time
c. significant other
d. precocious child
TB_Q3.2.8
When is the development of self-concept finished?
a. Childhood
b. Adolescence
c. Middle adulthood
d. Never
TB_Q3.2.9
George Herbert Mead was a(n)
a. symbolic interactionist.
b. conflict theorist.
c. feral child.
d. economist.
TB_Q3.2.10
Mead stressed that we cannot think without _____, and that _____ gives us our
symbols (language).
a. society; reading
b. symbols; reading
c. symbols; society
d. society; instinct
TB_Q3.2.11
The term generalized other refers to
a. our ideal of a person.
b. our perception of how people in general think of us.
c. role models.
d. the certainty that no one likes us.
TB_Q3.2.12
_____ studied the natural process that children go through to develop their ability
to reason.
a. Piaget
b. Cooley
c. Flavel
d. Mead
TB_Q3.2.13
The first of Piaget’s developmental stages is the _____ stage.
a. preoperational
b. sensorimotor
c. concrete operational
d. formal operational
TB_Q3.3.14
Psychoanalysis was developed by
a. Margaret and Harry Harlow.
b. Lawrence Kohlberg.
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (3—6)
c. Sigmund Freud.
d. Charles Horton Cooley.
TB_Q3.3.15
In Freud’s psychoanalysis, the _____ causes us to seek self-gratification.
a. id
b. ego
c. superego
d. instinctual drive
TB_Q3.3.16
The _____, as viewed by Freud, is the balancing force in our personality.
a. id
b. ego
c. superego
d. conscience
TB_Q3.3.17
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (3—7)
In Freud’s terms, culture within us is represented by the
a. alter ego.
b. super-id.
c. psychosis.
d. superego.
TB_Q3.3.18
According to Lawrence Kohlberg, when children have learned the rules and
follow them in order to stay out of trouble, children are in the _____ stage.
a. preconventional
b. amoral
c. conventional
d. complicit
TB_Q3.3.19
In Kohlberg’s theory, children in the _____ stage focus on personal needs to be
satisfied and recognize no right and wrong.
a. id
b. preconventional
c. postconventional
d. amoral
TB_Q3.3.20
One of the emotions identified by Paul Ekman is
a. surprise.
b. certainty.
c. love.
d. confusion.
TB_Q3.4.21
Learning the gender map is known as
a. socialization out of gender.
b. gender socialization.
c. the preconventional stage.
d. cultural imposition.
TB_Q3.4.22
Little Jo got dolls and jewelry for presents. Her brother, Joe, got action figures
and toy guns. Such a division in toys and play give children _____ lessons.
a. biological
b. ethical
c. gender
d. gender-neutral
TB_Q3.4.23
The sworn virgins of Albania are treated by people in their society as
a. women.
b. beings without gender.
c. clergy.
d. men.
TB_Q3.4.24
Individuals of roughly the same age who are linked by common interests make up
a
a. peer group.
b. society.
c. gender.
d. transgendered group.
TB_Q3.4.25
The dilemma presented to women by _____ is that a model is thrust before them
that is almost impossible to replicate in real life.
a. the church
b. mass media
c. video games
d. parents
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (3—10)
TB_Q3.4.26
Which of the following statements about video games is true?
a. Most are designed by women.
b. Most people who play video games are women.
c. Females are more underrepresented in video games than on television.
d. Video games are regarded as sports by most colleges.
TB_Q3.5.27
Individuals and groups that influence our orientations to life are called
a. the looking-glass crowd.
b. agents of socialization.
c. the ego.
d. nature.
TB_Q3.5.28
To keep their children in line, sociologist Melvin Kohn found that _____ parents
tend to use physical punishment.
a. upper class
b. all
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (3—11)
c. middle class
d. working class
TB_Q3.5.29
In the United States, religion is important to
a. virtually everyone.
b. only people who define themselves as religious.
c. everyone but the nonreligious.
d. people other than immigrants and minorities.
TB_Q3.5.30
Concerning the effects of day care, researchers have found that
a. children who have gone to day care have stronger bonds with their mothers.
b. we may be producing a generation of smart but mean children.
c. children with a background in day care are less disruptive when they reach
kindergarten.
d. Children who have been in day care score lower on language tests.
TB_Q3.5.31
The manifest function of formal education refers to
a. education’s unintended consequences.
b. the hidden curriculum.
c. the corridor curriculum.
d. education’s intended purpose.
TB_Q3.5.32
Unintended consequences of schools, or _____ functions, help the social system.
a. manifest
b. latent
c. explicit curricular
d. formal curricular
TB_Q3.5.33
Alfonzo was in sixth grade. Some of the stories that his teachers told when
teaching English, history, and math included lessons in patriotism and honesty,
which were part of the school’s
a. hidden curriculum.
b. explicit curriculum.
c. corridor curriculum.
d. manifest function.
TB_Q3.5.34
Bill heard, as part of the _____ curriculum in his school, that certain races were
not as good as others, and that coolness was the key to everything.
a. hidden
b. corridor
c. universal
d. manifest
TB_Q3.5.35
Sociological research has found that children from poor neighborhoods are _____
to get in difficulty with the law, and that parenting is _____ in the poor
neighborhoods.
a. less likely; easier
b. less likely; more difficult
c. more likely; more difficult
d. more likely; easier
TB_Q3.5.36
When you learn to play a role before entering it, this is known as
a. sink or swim.
b. disengagement.
c. anticipatory socialization.
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (3—14)
d. resocialization.
TB_Q3.6.37
_____ refers to learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors to match a
new situation in life.
a. Conflicting socialization
b. Pseudo-socialization
c. Anticipatory socialization
d. Resocialization
TB_Q3.6.38
An example of a total institution is a
a. school.
b. family.
c. law firm.
d. prison.
TB_Q3.6.39
An attempt to remake the self by stripping away an individual’s current identity
and stamping a new one in its place is
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (3—15)
a. a graduation ceremony.
b. a degradation ceremony.
c. “bring your child to work” day.
d. repeating a grade in school.
TB_Q3.6.40
A total institution leaves an indelible mark on a person’s self. The mark can be
imposed quickly or in a more prolonged process. In _____, the process is brutal
and prolonged.
a. prison
b. boot camp
c. a convent
d. a conventional school
TB_Q3.7.41
A significant sociological point about the life course is that it
a. is the same for rich and poor.
b. affects your behavior and orientations.
c. is unaffected by gender.
d. has no impact on your behavior and orientations.
TB_Q3.7.42
Childhood really is
a. not much more than biology.
b. a defined sequence of events independent of history.
c. socially universal.
d. more than biology.
TB_Q3.7.43
Adolescence is a(n)
a. natural age division.
b. ancient invention.
c. social invention.
d. obsolete age distinction.
TB_Q3.7.44
Transitional adulthood covers ages
a. 14–17.
b. 16–18.
c. 17–25.
d. 18–29.
TB_Q3.7.45
Ages 30 to 49 in the life course are known as the _____ years.
a. early middle
b. middle
c. later middle
d. transitional older
TB_Q3.7.46
A fundamental shift in thinking—from the time since our birth to the time we
have left to live—occurs in
a. adolescence.
b. adultolescence.
c. the later middle years.
d. the later older years.
TB_Q3.7.47
A new life stage that seems to be evolving is the _____ years.
a. transitional childhood
b. early middle
c. transitional middle
d. transitional older
TB_Q3.7.48
The later older years begin at about age
a. 50.
b. 65.
c. 75.
d. 95.
TB_Q3.7.49
The later older years
a. are reached by everyone.
b. remain an abstract concept.
c. are really part of late middle age.
d. end the same for everyone who enters that stage.
TB_Q3.7.50
_____ factors influence our life course.
a. Few external
b. Social
c. Only biological
d. No individual
Essay Questions
TB_Q3.1.51: How does society make us human?
TB_Q3.2.52: Charles Cooley summarized his idea of the looking-glass self in a
rhymed couplet. What was the couplet?
TB_Q3.2.53: What are the three elements of the looking-glass self?
TB_Q3.4.54: How do our parents do most of their gender teaching?
TB_Q3.8.55: Are we prisoners of socialization? Why, or why not?