53. Which of the following is true regarding the difference between a young child’s and an adolescent’s understanding of
death?
a.
Adolescents are more likely than younger children to think about the possibility of an afterlife.
b.
Adolescents are less likely than younger children to think about the abstract meaning of death.
c.
Adolescents are less likely than younger children to say that death was the result of cessation of biological
processes.
d.
Adolescents are more likely than younger children to view death as just a biological ending of life.
54. Research on widowers and widows has indicated that a common cognitive grief reaction is
a.
overindulgence in alcohol
b.
loss of appetite
c.
impaired memory
d.
sleep disturbances
55. Following the death of her husband, Latisha shows a consistent pattern of low levels of distress. Latisha’s reactions
best fit the _____ pattern of adjustment.
a.
b.
c.
d.
56. The best predictor for depression four years after the death of a spouse is having
a.
cohabitated prior to the death of the spouse
b.
lived with a spouse who had a long, chronic ailment
c.
been depressed prior to the death of the spouse
d.
failed to actively engage in grief work
57. _____ grief is not fully recognized by others and is generally harder to cope with than other forms of grief.
a.
Anticipatory
b.
Disenfranchised
c.
Chronic
d.
Finality
58. Despite the fact that her son died 10 years ago, Helena has such an intense yearning to have him back alive that she is
unable to keep a job. This description indicates that Helena is best classified as experiencing _____ grief.
a.
complicated
b.
disenfranchised
c.
palliative
d.
anticipatory
59. Which of the following is true regarding the loss of a child?
a.
Parents tend to become overly concerned about the surviving siblings and offer them too much support.
b.
The younger the child is at the time of death, the more difficult it is for parents to cope with the loss.
c.
The inability to make sense of the loss increases the intensity of the grief.
d.
Couples with strained marriages before the death tend to form stronger partnerships.
60. Why is death of a grandchild considered a “double whammy” for grandparents?
a.
They feel guilt about the loss of a grandchild and helpless to protect their adult child from pain.
b.
They tend to bear the major financial responsibility for the burial and for assisting their adult children with
their bills.
c.
The death of the grandchild and age of their adult children remind them of the short time they have left on
earth.
d.
It represents both a social and personal loss.
61. Research suggests that for an adult, the loss of a parent is
a.
more difficult to deal with for women than for men
b.
upsetting, but in some ways expected and therefore tends to be easier to deal with than the death of a child or
of a spouse.
c.
typically the most difficult type of loss with which to cope.
d.
characterized by anger but not guilt.
62. According to the grief-work perspective, in order to cope with death, a bereaved individual must
a.
move toward a detachment from the deceased.
b.
avoid directly confronting loss.
c.
take some responsibility for the death of the loved one.
d.
avoid experiencing painful emotions.
63. An individual taking a strong _____ perspective would be most likely to suggest that in order to cope with the death of
a husband, a wife must confront their loss and detach from her husband.
a.
grief-work
b.
disenfranchised grief
c.
anticipatory grief
d.
damage theory
64. What research finding on the grief-work perspective has the most support?
a.
That grief is very similar across cultures
b.
That individuals must experience painful emotions in order to cope successfully
c.
That grief tends to be delayed
d.
That too much ruminating may prolong psychological distress
65. Even though Carly’s husband Freddie died four years ago, she continues to feel his presence and works hard at her job
to “make him proud.” Carly’s behavior best exemplifies the concept of
a.
disenfranchised grief
b.
palliative care
c.
anticipatory grief
d.
continuing bonds
66. The basic philosophy of a hospice is best summarized as one of
a.
“active euthanasia.”
b.
“curing.”
c.
“caring.”
d.
“institutionalization of death.”
67. Hospice programs are based on the idea that
a.
drugs for controlling pain are given freely.
b.
doctors are the “experts” when it comes to dying.
c.
families have no place in death counseling.
d.
never stop attempting to cure a terminally ill person.
68. Palliative care is best summarized as involving
a.
direct attempts by medical professionals to cure disease.
b.
meeting physical, psychological, and social needs of patients with incurable illness.
c.
being provided in traditional hospitals but not in hospice facilities.
d.
recognizing that the dying and their family members are experts.
69. A major difference between hospice care and hospital care for dying individuals is that
a.
pain control is emphasized more in the hospital setting.
b.
prolonging life is emphasized more in the hospice care setting.
c.
the presence of family members is more strongly encouraged in the hospital setting.
d.
a more homelike setting of care is emphasized in the hospice care setting.
70. Which statement concerning bereavement programs is true?
a.
Most bereaved individuals need psychological interventions to help them cope.
b.
A past history of depression does not increase the risk of depression in a bereaved individual.
c.
Family therapy can help bereaved parents and children communicate more openly.
d.
Support groups are effective for those dealing with the death of a spouse, but ineffective for those dealing with
the death of a child.
71. What does the Midwest Medical Center likely use to determine whether a patient is dead?
a.
palpation tests, to measure reflex response
b.
an EKG machine, to measure heart function
c.
blood tests, to measure key protein levels
d.
an EEG machine, to measure brain function
72. A hospital patient who has been diagnosed with brain death only in the cerebral cortex is more likely to have the
capacity to do which of the following?
a.
think
b.
speak
c.
swallow
d.
signal
73. Which of the following concepts causes the most uncertainty and controversy regarding coma and brain death?
a.
reflex
b.
dreaming
c.
respiration
d.
awareness
74. Owen’s research using an fMRI with a woman in a vegetative state raises an intriguing new concept of being
a.
lucidly dead
b.
mentally alive
c.
passively lucid
d.
spiritually aware
75. A conservative politician would likely support laws that require ________ as the final determinant of human death.
a.
heart cessation
b.
total brain death
c.
brain stem death
d.
brain cortex death
76. What lies at the foundation of the “right to die” perspective?
a.
legal issues
b.
self-control
c.
pain avoidance
d.
spiritual needs
77. Compared to historical precedent and the practices of other cultures, Americans tend to ________ death.
a.
revere
b.
ignore
c.
deny
d.
accept
78. Across time and humanity, feeling sad over the death of someone has been ________.
a.
common
b.
private
c.
universal
d.
shunned
79. Ronald and Jayne are trying to figure out how to help their young son Ian understand the death of Jayne’s parents in a
plane crash, as they were very close with their grandchild. Which of the following strategies would be LEAST effective in
helping Ian understand what happened?
a.
comparing it to the death of his pet hamster
b.
telling him about the peacefulness of death
c.
waiting for him to ask specific questions
d.
telling him that Gram and Grampy are sleeping
80. Graciela is in third grade and has terminal cancer. She is a bright girl and knows that she will not live to see the fourth
grade. What does Graciela most want?
a.
new experiences
b.
a sense of security
c.
fun with friends
d.
to look healthy
81. When he was in second grade, Rashid’s father was killed in a construction accident. What is the likelihood that Rashid
will be having considerable adjustment problems when he is in fourth grade?
a.
5 percent
b.
20 percent
c.
40 percent
d.
65 percent
82. Which of the following will a young child likely do as part of the grieving process for losing a parent?
a.
helping at home
b.
talking with pals
c.
breaking toys
d.
writing stories
83. At a small prep school where the student body of 100 lives and hangs out together, one of the most popular seniors
killed himself with a handgun. How many of the students will later be diagnosed with clinical depression?
a.
9
b.
21
c.
33
d.
48
84. While her younger siblings have spent the last two weeks crying over the death of their mother, Cynthia has rarely
cried and just keeps going to high school as if everything is still the same. Cynthia’s response taps into an adolescent’s
desire for ________.
a.
control
b.
socialization
c.
acceptance
d.
validation
85. Yussef is undergoing a grueling course of chemotherapy for a rare form of cancer. As a high school junior, Yussef is
likely to feel _______ in response to the treatment’s effects.
a.
optimism
b.
competitiveness
c.
spirituality
d.
self-consciousness
86. Kenny, age 7, and his brother Levar, age 16, recently lost their dad to a long illness. Compared to Kenny’s ideas,