87. The cascade model of substance use proposes that influences on a child’s drinking alcohol or taking drugs are
________.
a.
inevitable
b.
societal
c.
cumulative
d.
biological
88. Once she was picked for the cheerleading squad, Cherelle wanted to maintain her status with this popular crowd. So
despite her parents’ warnings, she began drinking beer with the other girls and some of the boys from the team. This is an
example of peer ________.
a.
domination
b.
selection
c.
socialization
d.
internalization
89. From a developmental psychopathology perspective, severe and persistent bullying that causes a teenager to attempt
suicide would be considered a form of ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
90. The proportion of adolescents who seriously considered suicide is ________ the proportion of adolescents who
attempted suicide.
a.
one-half
b.
four times
c.
twice
d.
a fraction of
91. According to the text, what is NOT a key risk factor of suicidal behavior in adolescents?
a.
A youth psychological disorder
b.
Access to firearms
c.
Stressful life events
d.
A strong social network
92. How does the experience of symptoms of depression in older adults compare to actual diagnoses of depression?
a.
The prevalence of symptoms is similar to the rate of diagnoses.
b.
The rate of diagnoses is much higher than the prevalence of symptoms.
c.
The rate of diagnoses is slightly lower than the prevalence of symptoms.
d.
The prevalence of symptoms is much higher than the rate of diagnoses.
93. Who is most likely to be diagnosed with depression during their lifetime?
a.
Roberta, a black woman
b.
David, a black man
c.
Ping, an Asian man
d.
Carmen, a Latino woman
94. During what age does the percentage of adults with dementia more than double?
a.
the 60s
b.
the 70s
c.
the 80s
d.
the 90s
95. The new term used in the DSM-5 to refer to dementia reflects the fact that the disorder is ________.
a.
influenced by diathesis-stress dynamics
b.
a function of lifestyle issues in older adults
c.
brain-based and affects thinking processes
d.
a culmination of the autism spectrum
96. Randall, who has the APOE e4 gene, took many hits in his days as a pro football player, sustaining several
concussions. Randall is now in the late stages of Alzheimer’s disease. This is an example of the role of ________ in
psychopathology.
a.
comorbid risks
b.
epigenetics
c.
diathesis-stress
d.
somatic factors
97. Which of the following will help Verniece build her cognitive reserve and decrease the risk of developing Alzheimer’s
disease?
a.
eating foods high in antioxidants
b.
taking classes at the adult ed center
c.
practicing regular low-impact yoga
d.
avoiding emotionally stressful stimuli
98. The nurse practitioner at the retirement home told Diana to cut all salt from her diet in order to lower her blood
pressure and decrease the risk of stroke. The nurse’s recommendation will also help to lower Diana’s risk of developing
________.
a.
Lewy body dementia
b.
Alzheimer’s disease
c.
vascular dementia
d.
depressive disorder
99. Jiang’s mental confusion and disorientation seemed to come out of nowhere, catching her husband completely off
guard. What will Jiang likely be diagnosed with?
a.
vascular dementia
b.
delirium
c.
Lewy body dementia
d.
Alzheimer’s disease
100. Lloyd’s father suffered complications from Parkinson’s disease in the latter part of his life. Now that Lloyd is past
retirement age, what does he likely have a higher risk for?
a.
Alzheimer’s disease
b.
vascular dementia
c.
delirium
d.
Lewy body dementia
101. Statistical deviance from the norm, maladaptive, and personal distress are three critical elements for determining if a
behavior is abnormal.
a.
True
b.
False
102. In general, children with ASD are very intelligent but they simply cannot interact socially in a normal fashion.
a.
True
b.
False
103. Hitting is a good example of an internalizing problem.
a.
True
b.
False
104. Children who do well despite having difficult life experiences are said to be sentient.
a.
True
b.
False
105. A defining feature of anorexia nervosa is a binge-purge syndrome pattern.
a.
True
b.
False
106. Adult females are more likely to be diagnosed with depression than adult males.
a.
True
b.
False
107. Delirium is an often reversible condition involving a disturbance of consciousness.
a.
True
b.
False
108. Due to improved treatment methods, the rate of autism in the United States is declining.
a.
True
b.
False
109. The cause of ADHD has been linked to three genes that influence the production of dopamine in the brain.
a.
True
b.
False
110. Greater restrictions on guns would likely decrease the rate of completed suicide for adolescent males.
a.
True
b.
False
111. Explain why developmentalists have a problem with the DSM-5 characterization of psychopathology. Do you
support the developmentalists’ perspective or the DSM perspective? Explain your reasoning.
112. Your neighbor has just learned that her little boy has autism. Describe the symptoms, cause, and treatment of this
disorder. Also provide a prognosis for the child as an adult.
113. Explain the thinking behind the idea of “autisms.” Be sure to address the various aspects of this perspective in your
discussion.
114. How does the cascade model of substance abuse envision the development of drug problems? What are the
implications of adopting this approach to intervening with an individual with a developing drug problem?
115. Describe the chicken-and-egg argument as it relates to the parent effects model of influence on childhood
externalizing and internalizing behaviors (i.e., “Which came first?“). Give examples to support your thinking.
116. Compare and contrast dementia and delirium and explain why it is important to understand the distinction.
117. Discuss the idea that we all shift between “normal” and “abnormal” behavior as we develop, and how it relates to a
very high incidence of at least one psychological disorder for children and adolescents. Is this perspective accurate? Does
“normal” need a better definition? Is development in our younger years really so volatile?
118. Compare and contrast anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, including symptoms, causes, and treatment. What role
does our culture play in these disorders, and what could be done to address this issue? Give three examples to illustrate
your ideas.
119. Describe the peer socialization/peer selection dynamic for adolescent behavior. Give examples to support your
thinking.
120. Genetic factors play a role in whether a person develops Alzheimer’s disease. Genetic testing can identify these
factors in individuals today. Would you like to know now if you have a genetic diathesis for this disease? Would you
rather have the test later in life? Or would you prefer to not know at all? Explain your reasoning.