(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (15—1)
Henslin, Essentials of Sociology, 13th Edition, Test Bank
Chapter 15: Social Change and the Environment
Multiple-Choice Questions
TB_Q15.1.1
The alteration of culture and societies over time is known as
a. modernization.
b. social movement.
c. social change.
d. G8.
TB_Q15.1.2
The text says that in addition to the four social revolutions that we have had, we
may be entering a fifth based on
a. sports.
b. mapping the human genome and biotechnology.
c. the growing relevance of Africa.
d. Gesselschaft.
TB_Q15.1.3
_____ is the term sociologists use for a traditional, small, rural society.
a. Gemeinschaft
b. Rapidly changing
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (15—2)
c. Gesellschaft
d. Materialistic
TB_Q15.1.4
Max Weber believed that capitalism came from
a. changes in life expectancy.
b. increased religiosity.
c. the Protestant Reformation.
d. smaller family sizes.
TB_Q15.1.5
_____ is the transformation of traditional societies into industrial societies.
a. Social movement
b. Gemeinschaft
c. The third social revolution
d. Modernization
TB_Q15.1.6
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (15—3)
In traditional societies, material possessions were _____. In industrialized
societies, material possessions are _____.
a. many; few
b. many; many
c. few; few
d. few; many
TB_Q15.1.7
In a traditional Gemeinschaft society, the divisions of labor between men and
women are
a. flexible.
b. nonexistent.
c. rigid.
d. determined by the shaman.
TB_Q15.1.8
In a traditional society, the temporal orientation was
a. toward the past.
b. toward the present.
c. toward the future.
d. nonexistent.
TB_Q15.1.9
In a traditional society, education was
a. nonexistent.
b. formal.
c. begun in the third decade of life.
d. informal.
TB_Q15.1.10
With the globalization of the modern world, social movements often sweep across
a. time.
b. national borders.
c. the media but not reality.
d. an entire town.
TB_Q15.1.11
The triadic division of the planet since World War II places the emphasis on
_____ in Europe.
a. Italy
b. France
c. Germany
d. Great Britain
TB_Q15.1.12
Desperate to secure untapped resources, G7 increasingly views _____ as
significant to the well-being of the rest of the world.
a. the United States
b. Germany
c. Africa
d. Japan
TB_Q15.2.13
_____ theories assume that all societies follow the same path (from simple to
complex).
a. Bilinear
b. Trilinear
c. Multilinear
d. Unilinear
TB_Q15.2.14
_____ theories propose that different routes lead to the same stage of
development.
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (15—6)
a. Multilinear
b. Natural cycle
c. Diffusion
d. Unilinear
TB_Q15.2.15
Marx’s model of historical change viewed a thesis plus an antithesis as resulting
in a(n)
a. classless state.
b. synthesis.
c. utopia.
d. state of permanent war.
TB_Q15.2.16
Cyclical theories assume that civilizations are
a. like parts of a Gesellschaft.
b. obsolete.
c. like organisms.
d. antitheses.
TB_Q15.2.17
According to Marx’s dialectical view of history, each ruling group
a. plants the seeds for its own growth.
b. is a synthesis.
c. represents a classless state.
d. sows the seeds of its own destruction.
TB_Q15.2.18
_____ is the combining of existing elements and materials to form new ones.
a. Discovery
b. Diffusion
c. Invention
d. Infusion
TB_Q15.2.19
According to William Ogburn, _____ is a new way of seeing reality.
a. discovery
b. invention
c. diffusion
d. cultural lag
TB_Q15.2.20
_____ is one of the three processes of social change identified by William
Ogburn.
a. Diffusion
b. Cultural lag
c. Dialectics
d. A unilinear theory
TB_Q15.2.21
Ogburn said that _____ occurred when human behavior lagged behind
technological innovations.
a. social lag
b. diffusion
c. discovery
d. cultural lag
TB_Q15.2.22
Cars are an example of
a. invention.
b. discovery.
c. diffusion.
d. innovation.
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (15—9)
TB_Q15.2.23
An example of discovery is
a. money.
b. airplanes.
c. Columbus discovering North America.
d. the microchip.
TB_Q15.3.24
Postmodern society is
a. reliant on obsolete technology.
b. postindustrial society.
c. preindustrial society.
d. a type of ideology.
TB_Q15.3.25
Technology _____ artificial means of extending human abilities.
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (15—10)
a. is usually an alternative to
b. always refers to
c. is a natural substitute for
d. never refers to
TB_Q15.3.26
For sociology, the significance of technology is
a. how it changes our way of life.
b. that worker–owner relations remain the same.
c. difficult to fathom.
d. that no one owns the tools that people work with.
TB_Q15.3.27
When production moved out of the home, workers went to
a. unemployment lines.
b. factories.
c. churches.
d. assembly halls.
TB_Q15.3.28
Before factories, workers could _____ if they did not like something.
a. not do a thing
b. fire the owners
c. pick up their tools and leave
d. be easily replaced
TB_Q15.3.29
_____ is Marx’s term for workers’ lack of connection to the product of their
labor.
a. Postmodern society
b. Social inequality
c. Alienation
d. Suburbanization
TB_Q15.3.30
The new technology that led to factories brought about a new _____ capitalism.
a. religion that despised
b. ideology that praised
c. morality to ameliorate the negative effects of
d. worker-owned form of