(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (14—1)
Henslin, Essentials of Sociology, 12th Edition, Test Bank
Chapter 14: Population and Urbanization
Multiple-Choice Questions
TB_Q14.1.1
Demography is the study of the size, composition, growth (or shrinkage), and
distribution of
a. animal species.
b. culture.
c. sociologists.
d. human populations.
TB_Q14.1.2
What was Thomas Malthus’s theorem?
a. Food supply grows arithmetically, but population grows geometrically.
b. Both the food supply and the population grow geometrically.
c. Food supply grows geometrically, but population grows arithmetically.
d. Regardless of population growth, there will always be enough food to feed
everyone.
TB_Q14.1.3
Following an exponential growth curve, growth
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (14—2)
a. doubles during approximately equal time intervals, and then suddenly declines
at an alarming pace.
b. triples during increasingly shorter time intervals, and then abruptly levels off.
c. triples during approximately equal time intervals, and then suddenly
accelerates.
d. doubles during approximately equal time intervals, and then suddenly
accelerates.
TB_Q14.1.4
Each day on Earth, if you subtract the number of people who die that day from the
number of people born that day, the planet has approximately _____ more people.
a. 2,370
b. 23,700
c. 237,000
d. 2,370,000
TB_Q14.1.5
At around the time of the birth of Christ, there were about _____ people in the
world.
a. 10,000
b. 55,000
c. 2 million
d. 300 million
TB_Q14.1.6
How many stages does the demographic transition—as in Europe—have?
a. One
b. Two
c. Three or four
d. Seven
TB_Q14.1.7
In stage one of the demographic transition,
a. the birth rate and death rate are more or less balanced.
b. births far outnumber deaths.
c. births drop, and deaths become more or less balanced.
d. deaths outnumber births.
TB_Q14.1.8
Since the earth is so productive, why do people today die of hunger?
a. The earth produces too little food.
b. Particular places on earth lack food.
c. Africa is overpopulated.
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (14—4)
d. The United States is overpopulated.
TB_Q14.1.9
_____ is the process in which a country’s population becomes smaller because its
birth rate and immigration are too low to replace those who die and emigrate.
a. Population growth
b. Population shrinkage
c. Population stability
d. Demography
TB_Q14.2.10
One reason that people in the Least Industrialized Nations have so many children
is that
a. they are irrational.
b. from a conflict perspective, men control women’s reproductive choices.
c. nearly all of the children die young.
d. they are unaware that there is any alternative.
TB_Q14.2.11
_____ is a graph that represents the age and sex of a population.
a. Demography
b. Fecundity
c. A population pyramid
d. The fertility rate
TB_Q14.2.12
The three demographic variables that change the size of a population are
a. fertility, mortality, and net migration.
b. number of married couples, health status, and life goals.
c. fertility, mortality, and immigration.
d. fertility, mortality, and emigration.
TB_Q14.2.13
The number of children that the average woman bears is known as
a. fecundity.
b. the fertility rate.
c. mortality.
d. the demographic transition.
TB_Q14.2.14
_____, which can be as high as 30, refers to the number of children a woman is
capable of bearing.
a. Fertility
b. The population pyramid
c. Fecundity
d. The crude birth rate
TB_Q14.2.15
The annual number of live births per 1,000 population is
a. fecundity.
b. the crude birth rate.
c. fertility.
d. the crude population rate.
TB_Q14.2.16
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (14—7)
The _____ is the annual number of deaths per 1,000 population.
a. population curve
b. population pyramid
c. net death rate
d. crude death rate
TB_Q14.2.17
In which of the following countries do women give birth to the fewest children?
a. The United States
b. Poland
c. Chad
d. Somalia
TB_Q14.2.18
In which of the following countries do women give birth to the most children?
a. Singapore
b. The United States
c. Greece
d. Niger
TB_Q14.2.19
The net migration rate is the
a. number of people who want to leave minus the number of people who actually
do leave.
b. tip of the population pyramid.
c. difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants per 1,000
population.
d. measure of fecundity.
TB_Q14.2.20
Globally, where is the flow of migration?
a. From the Most Industrialized Nations to the Least Industrialized Nations
b. From the Least Industrialized Nations to other members of the Least
Industrialized Nations
c. Between various countries within the Most Industrialized Nations
d. From the Least Industrialized Nations to the industrialized countries
TB_Q14.2.21
A reason that it is difficult to forecast population growth is that
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (14—9)
a. the mathematics are unsound.
b. politicians tamper with it, rewarding more births or discouraging more births.
c. no one agrees on what the basic demographic equation is.
d. birth and death statistics are not kept.
TB_Q14.2.22
“Growth rate equals births minus deaths plus net migration” is the
a. basic demographic equation.
b. statistician’s mantra.
c. crude birth rate.
d. crude migration rate.
TB_Q14.2.23
The growth rate
a. is always a positive number.
b. can be a negative number.
c. ignores migration.
d. can be a positive number or a negative number, but not zero.
TB_Q14.2.24
The reason that China has about 30 million fewer females than males under the
age of 20 is
a. male infanticide.
b. girls are often not counted in official statistics.
c. “raising a boy is like watering someone else’s plant.”
d. female infanticide.
TB_Q14.2.25
_____ refers to women bearing only enough children to reproduce the population.
a. Slow population growth
b. Negative population growth
c. Zero population growth
d. An inverted population pyramid
TB_Q14.3.26
Approximately how many cities with over one million residents does the world
presently have?
a. three
b. 24
(Henslin 12e Test Bank) (14—11)
c. 151
d. 500
TB_Q14.3.27
A _____ is a place in which a large number of people are permanently based and
do not produce their own food.
a. city
b. metropolitan statistical area (MSA)
c. suburb
d. megalopolis
TB_Q14.3.28
_____ is the process by which an increasing proportion of a population lives in
cities and has a growing influence on the culture.
a. Urbanization
b. Suburbanization
c. Urban decline
d. Gentrification
TB_Q14.3.29
A central city surrounded by smaller cities and their suburbs is a(n)