CHAPTER TWELVE
QUESTIONS
1. In federal criminal cases, a jury must have _____ members
a. four
b. six
c. nine
d. twelve
2. Criminal trials in state courts can use as few as _____ jurors
a. four
b. six
c. eight
d. nine
3. Research conducted in the 1970s consistently indicated that effectiveness in jury decision-
making _______________ with decreasing size
a. decreased
b. decreased in civil cases only
c. increased
d. increased in criminal cases only
4. In 1978 the Supreme Court drew the line on the constitutionally permissible size of a felony
jury by holding in Ballew v. Georgia that _____ jurors are too few and is a violation of
the _____ Amendment
a. four, Fifth
b. five, Fifth
c. four, Sixth
d. five, Sixth
5. The burden of proof in criminal cases is
a. beyond a reasonable doubt
b. preponderance of the evidence
c. clear and convincing evidence
d. air of reality
6. The burden of proof in most civil cases is
a. beyond a reasonable doubt
b. preponderance of the evidence
c. clear and convincing evidence
d. air of reality
7. The burden of proof in certain civil cases (such as those involving fraud) is
a. beyond a reasonable doubt
b. preponderance of the evidence
c. clear and convincing evidence
d. air of reality
8. Under the common law, a jury verdict must be
a. 10 to 2
b. unanimous
c. 11 to 1
d. 5 to 1
9. The _______________ guarantees an impartial jury
a. Sixth Amendment
b. Fourth Amendment
c. Fourteenth Amendment
d. Fifteenth Amendment
10. When groups make difficult judgments, their level of performance
a. rises to the level of the highest functioning group member
b. lowers to the level of performance of the lowest functioning group member
c. is generally at the level of the average member
d. is usually worse than if only one person was making the decision
11. In most counties or cities, a jury pool is selected from among eligible jurors in the
community. To accomplish this, a master jury list is compiled. This is also known as a(n)
a. eligibility list
b. voir dire
c. jury cluster
d. jury wheel
12. A jury pool which is summoned to appear for jury service is also known as a(n)
a. venire
b. judicial list
c. demographic list
d. pretrial cluster
13. In order to be eligible for jury service in the federal system, an individual must demonstrate
all the following except
a. United States’ citizenship
b. the ability to read, write, and speak English reasonably well
c. loyalty to the United States
d. physical and mental capability of service
14. Which of the following would disqualify an individual from serving on a federal jury?
a. having family members residing outside the United States
b. having significant marital difficulties
c. a felony conviction
d. a dishonorable military discharge
15. Which of the following would likely be exempt from federal jury service?
a. a person who served on a federal jury one year ago
b. a police officer
c. a full-time mayor of a city
d. all the above
16. Which of the following would be an acceptable “challenge for cause”?
a. a potential jury member is married to a member of the state bar
b. a potential jury member has a relationship with one of the parties in the case
c. a potential jury member has committed adultery
d. all the above
17. How many “challenges for cause” may be made by either side in a criminal trial in
federal court?
a. five
b. seven
c. twelve
d. unlimited
18. How many “peremptory challenges” may generally be made by either side in a criminal
trial in federal court?
a. six for the defense and six for the prosecution
b. six for the defense and ten for the prosecution
c. ten for the defense and six for the prosecution
d. ten for the defense and ten for the prosecution
19. There is always a concern that juries is very popular trials (such as the O.J. Simpson trial)
may be biased by
a. pretrial publicity
b. impartiality
c. judges who desire to get into show business
d. inappropriate relationships between jurors
20. Which of the following is not a method for controlling the effects of pretrial publicity?
a. only allowing people to serve on the jury who do not read newspapers or watch TV
b. sequestering the jury
c. postponing the trial until publicity decreases
d. changing the venue of the trial
21. The 1986 Supreme Court case of Batson v. Kentucky concerned peremptory challenge
based on
a. country of origin
b. gender
c. race
d. religion
22. It is an old (but certainly unsubstantiated) legal axiom to never accept a juror whose
Occupation begins with the letter
a. “C”
b. “D”
c. “P”
d. “J”
23. Originally developed by Adorno in the 1950s, this personality construct refers to a person’s
desire for order, well-defined rules, and to punish people who deviate from these rules.
Such a personality is called
a. prejudicial
b. authoritarian
c. sociopathic
d. fascist
24. An individual’s belief in the source of outcomes in life, i.e., that events that occur are the
result of a person’s actions or of outside forces beyond his or her control, is called
a. outcome orientation
b. outcome control
c. orientation of reinforcement
d. locus of control
25. Some people believe that good things will happen to good people and bad things will
happen to bad people (or that if something bad happens to someone, he or she probably did
something that instigated it). This manner of belief is referred to as
a. just world beliefs
b. life equity beliefs
c. just fate beliefs
d. self-fulfilling beliefs
26. “The application of behavioral and social scientific principles to the selection of jurors most
sympathetic to a particular side in a court case,” is called
a. jury consulting
b. juror bias determination
c. scientific jury selection
d. juror profiling
Chapter 12 ANSWERS