Chapter 11: Endocrine System
Colville: Clinical Anatomy and Physiology for Veterinary Technicians, 3rd Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Hormones are secreted into
a.
endocrine glands.
b.
exocrine glands.
c.
target cells.
d.
the bloodstream.
2. In order for a hormone to be effective its target cell must have a
a.
neurotransmitter for the hormone.
b.
pore in the cell membrane for the hormone.
c.
receptor for the hormone.
d.
target for the hormone.
3. What type of hormone is synthesized from cholesterol?
a.
catecholamine hormones
b.
peptide hormones
c.
steroid hormones
d.
thyroid hormones
4. Which pair of hormones is hydrophilic?
a.
catecholamine and thyroid hormones
b.
peptide and catecholamine hormones
c.
peptide and steroid hormones
d.
thyroid and steroid hormones
5. Which hormones must bind to transport proteins in order to reach their target cells?
a.
catecholamine hormones
b.
hydrophilic hormones
c.
hydrophobic hormones
d.
peptide hormones
6. Negative feedback control of hormone secretion begins when a
a.
falling level of hormone is detected by the gland that produced it.
b.
falling level of hormone is detected by the target cell of the hormone.
c.
rising level of hormone is detected by the gland that produced it.
d.
rising level of hormone is detected by the target cell of the hormone.
7. The endocrine system works closely with the __ to control and coordinate the intricate parts
and functions of the body.
a.
cardiovascular system
b.
muscular system
c.
nervous system
d.
skeletal system
8. The hypothalamus gland is physically attached to what other endocrine gland?
a.
adrenal gland
b.
parathyroid gland
c.
pituitary gland
d.
thyroid gland
9. Which hormone does the hypothalamus gland produce?
a.
calcitonin
b.
epinephrine
c.
glucagon
d.
oxytocin
10. Which gland is the master endocrine gland?
a.
hypothalamus
b.
pancreas
c.
pituitary
d.
thyroid
11. When oxytocin is released into the bloodstream, what is one of its effects?
a.
cellular growth
b.
milk letdown
c.
sodium retention
d.
spermatogenesis
12. Which hormones are responsible for male secondary sex characteristic development?
a.
androgens
b.
follicle-stimulation hormone
c.
parathyroid hormone
d.
progestins
13. Where is insulin produced?
a.
adrenal gland
b.
hypothalamus
c.
pancreas
d.
thyroid gland
14. The hormonal part of the “flight-or-fight” response is produced in the
a.
adrenal glands.
b.
hypothalamus.
c.
pituitary gland.
d.
thyroid gland.
15. The target for luteinizing hormone in females is
a.
all cells.
b.
bones.
c.
kidneys.
d.
ovaries.
16. The anterior pituitary gland produces somatotropin, which is also known as
a.
follicle-stimulating hormone.
b.
growth hormone.
c.
luteinizing hormone.
d.
melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
17. Where is antidiuretic hormone that is produced in the hypothalamus stored before its release
into the bloodstream?
a.
adrenal gland
b.
anterior pituitary gland
c.
posterior pituitary gland
d.
thyroid gland
18. Bovine somatotropin (BST) is used to
a.
increase milk production in dairy cows.
b.
prepare cows for breeding.
c.
prevent hypocalcemia in young calves.
d.
stimulate uterine contractions in pregnant cows.
19. Thyroid-stimulating hormone is produced by the
a.
anterior pituitary gland.
b.
hypothalamus.
c.
posterior pituitary gland.
d.
thyroid gland.
20. In a male follicle-stimulation hormone
a.
has no known effect on spermatogenesis.
b.
slows down spermatogenesis.
c.
stimulates spermatogenesis.
d.
stops spermatogenesis.
21. Dwarfism is a result of
a.
GH deficiency.
b.
excess GH.
c.
FSH deficiency.
d.
excess FSH.
22. In a male prolactin
a.
causes water retention.
b.
has no known effect.
c.
initiates the fight-or-flight response.
d.
stimulates spermatogenesis.
23. The hormone that results in a rise in blood glucose when it is released into the bloodstream is
a.
glucagon.
b.
insulin.
c.
mineralocorticoid hormone.
d.
parathyroid hormone.
24. Which drug will cause a female to “superovulate” in preparation for embryo transfer?
a.
FSH
b.
GH
c.
TH
d.
TSH
25. The primary target for glucocorticoid hormone is the
a.
kidney.
b.
mammary gland.
c.
pancreas.
d.
whole body.
26. The function of ADH is to
a.
concentrate blood.
b.
conserve water.
c.
dilute urine.
d.
eliminate excess water.
27. Animals that suffer from a deficiency of ADH are likely to show clinical signs that include
a.
acromegaly.
b.
alopecia.
c.
osteomalacia.
d.
polyuria.
28. The gland that helps regulate the body’s blood calcium levels is the
a.
adrenal gland.
b.
parathyroid gland.
c.
pituitary gland.
d.
testes.
29. Which pair of glands are each actually two separate glands that look like one gland?
a.
adrenal and thyroid glands
b.
parathyroid and pituitary glands
c.
pituitary and adrenal glands
d.
thyroid and parathyroid glands
30. Administration of which classification of drugs can cause effects that mimic the body’s
natural white blood cell stress response?
a.
androgens
b.
estrogens
c.
glucocorticosteroids
d.
mineralocorticoid hormones
31. The most active form of thyroid hormone is
a.
tetraiodothyronine.
b.
thyroid-stimulating hormone.
c.
thyroxine.
d.
triiodothyronine.
32. When a normal, healthy animal is exposed to cold temperatures, what happens to the
production of thyroid hormone?
a.
It is decreased to decrease the animal’s metabolic rate.
b.
It is decreased to increase the animal’s metabolic rate.
c.
It is increased to decrease the animal’s metabolic rate.
d.
It is increased to increase the animal’s metabolic rate.
33. How does the metabolic rate affect an animal’s core temperature?
a.
As the metabolic rate increases, so does the animal’s core temperature.
b.
As the metabolic rate increases, the animal’s core temperature decreases.
c.
The metabolic rate affects only the external temperature of an animal and doesn’t
affect the core temperature.
d.
The metabolic rate doesn’t affect either the core or external temperature of an
animal.
34. Which two hormones are involved in maintaining the homeostasis of blood calcium levels?
a.
calcitonin and thyroid hormone
b.
parathyroid hormone and calcitonin
c.
thyroid hormone and TSH
d.
TSH and parathyroid hormone
35. Milk fever and eclampsia are two pathologic conditions that result from
a.
hypercalcemia.
b.
hyperglycemia.
c.
hypocalcemia.
d.
hypoglycemia.
36. Which gland is not located in the head and neck area of an animal?
a.
adrenal gland
b.
anterior pituitary gland
c.
posterior pituitary gland
d.
thyroid gland
37. The term iatrogenic means
a.
caused by treatment.
b.
disease caused by hormone deficit.
c.
hospital-acquired disease.
d.
of unknown cause.
38. Aldosterone helps regulate __ levels in the body.
a.
electrolyte
b.
glucose
c.
sex hormone
d.
testosterone
39. The fight-or-flight hormones are
a.
epinephrine and norepinephrine.
b.
glucocorticosteroids and mineralocorticoid hormone.
c.
insulin and glucagon.
d.
T3 and T4.
40. Diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by a deficiency of
a.
aldosterone.
b.
glucagon.
c.
insulin.
d.
tetraiodothyronine.
41. The principle androgen produced in the testes is
a.
aldosterone.
b.
estrogen.
c.
growth hormone.
d.
testosterone.
42. Estrogens are produced when __ induces ovaries to develop follicles.
a.
FSH
b.
LH
c.
prolactin
d.
relaxin
43. In most animal species ovulation occurs when the blood level of __ peaks.
a.
FSH
b.
LH
c.
oxytocin
d.
progesterone
44. Besides the gonads, which other gland produces sex hormones?
a.
adrenal cortex
b.
adrenal medulla
c.
anterior pituitary
d.
posterior pituitary
45. Melatonin is produced by the
a.
kidney.
b.
pineal body.
c.
stomach.
d.
thymus.
46. The gland that plays a direct role in development of the immune system is the
a.
pineal body.
b.
posterior pituitary.
c.
thymus.
d.
thyroid.
47. Erythropoietin affects the development of
a.
muscles.
b.
ovaries.
c.
red blood cells.
d.
seminal vesicles.