297
TEST BANK
CHAPTER 11: PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT IN ADOLESCENCE
Multiple Choice Questions
TB_11_01_Chapter Introduction_LO 11.1_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following best defines adolescence?
A) The period between the ages of 10 and 17
B) The transition to puberty
C) The transitional period between childhood and adulthood
D) The transitional period from childhood to teenage-hood
TB_11_02_Brain Development and Physical Growth_LO 11.1_APA LO 1.1
At what ages do the two major brain growth spurts occur?
A) 11–12 and 13–15
B) 12–14 and 17–18
C) 13–15 and 17–18
D) 13–15 and 18–20
APA LO: 1.1
TB_11_03_Brain Development and Physical Growth_LO 11.1_APA LO 1.1
During a growth spurt, which is (are) likely to grow first?
A) The torso
B) Arms and legs
C) Hands and feet
D) The brain
298
TB_11_04_Brain Development and Physical Growth_LO 11.1_APA LO 1.1
During adolescence, boys are more advanced than girls in which of the following aspects of physical development?
A) Attainment of adult height
B) Joints of the skeletal system
C) Acquisition of fat tissue
D) Size of heart and lungs
TB_11_05_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
Which group of hormones is responsible for the development of the sex organs?
A) Testosterone in females and estradiol in males
B) General growth hormones
C) Estradiol in females and testosterone in males
D) Thyroid gland hormones
TB_11_06_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
Which hormone is responsible for normal brain development and overall rate of growth?
A) Adrenal androgen
B) Thyroxine
C) Testosterone
D) Estrogen
TB_11_07_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
Which hormone is responsible for changes at puberty, particularly the development of the secondary sex
characteristics in girls?
A) Adrenal androgen
B) Thyroxine
C) Testosterone
D) Estrogen
299
TB_11_08_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
Which gland prompts the release of hormones from the other endocrine glands?
A) Pituitary
B) Thyroid
C) Adrenal
D) Hypothalamus
TB_11_09_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
During puberty, the pituitary gland signals the adrenal glands to increase production of androgens. What is the term
for this process?
A) Pituitarism
B) Adrenarche
C) Puberty
D) Estradiol
TB_11_10_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following best defines menarche?
A) The beginning of puberty marked by the development of breast buds
B) Growth of the uterus during puberty
C) The onset of menstruation at puberty
D) Increase in body fat at puberty
TB_11_11_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following is a change in primary sex characteristics that takes place during puberty?
A) Growth of the breasts
B) Changing voice pitch
C) Growth of pubic hair
D) Growth of the uterus
300
TB_11_12_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following is an example of changes in secondary sex characteristics during puberty?
A) Growth of the testes
B) Growth of the breasts
C) Growth of the penis
D) Growth of the ovaries
TB_11_13_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
What is the term for the onset of the first menstrual cycle?
A) Menstruation
B) Ovarianation
C) Secularization
D) Menarche
TB_11_14_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following is the earliest sign of puberty for a female?
A) Menstruation
B) Changes in breasts and pubic hair
C) Growth spurt
D) Development of a mesomorphic body type
TB_11_15_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
The changes in the patterns of physical growth and development that are known as the secular trend are most likely
caused by which of the following?
A) An increasingly sexualized society
B) Increased levels of demand and stress placed upon children and adolescents
C) Improvements in lifestyle and diet
D) Cultural values that favor a thin, angular body image
301
TB_11_16_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
According to current research, which of the following accounts for the secular trend in development worldwide?
A) Better sex education
B) Declines in teen sexual behavior
C) Improvements in nutrition and health care
D) Lack of proper prenatal care
TB_11_17_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
In which of the following groups has the average age of menarche remained the same over the past six decades?
A) African American girls
B) Asian American girls
C) Hispanic American girls
D) White girls in the U.S.
TB_11_18_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following statements about menarche is correct?
A) Among girls in industrialized countries, menarche occurs, on average, between the ages of 8 and 10.
B) Menarche typically occurs two years after the beginning of indicators such as changes in the breast and pubic
hair.
C) Only 50% of girls experience menarche between the ages of 11 and 15.
D) In industrialized countries, the average age of menarche has remained fairly stable for more than 100 years.
TB_11_19_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following is a true statement regarding obesity and puberty?
A) Obesity is likely to be positively correlated with early puberty in girls.
B) Obesity is likely to be positively correlated with early puberty in boys.
C) Obesity is likely to cause late onset puberty in boys and girls.
302
TB_11_20_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
Dawn has just turned thirteen years old, and she recently experienced menarche. If Dawn becomes sexually active,
will she be at risk for pregnancy?
A) Possibly. Although irregular menstrual cycles are the norm for some time, pregnancy is still possible.
B) Not likely, as irregular menstrual cycles signal the absence of ovulation.
C) No. The irregularity of menstrual cycles after menarche means that it would be impossible to have intercourse
during an ovulatory cycle.
D) Probably not. She would be too young to get pregnant.
TB_11_21_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
Of the following events in boys’ puberty, which typically occurs earliest?
A) Growth of the genitals
B) Peak of the growth spurt
C) Growth of a beard
D) Lowering of the voice
TB_11_22_Milestones of Puberty_LO 11.2_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following is true of spermarche?
A) Its onset varies considerably between different ethnic groups.
B) It typically occurs between 13 and 14 years of age, but the production of viable sperm does not happen until a
few months later.
C) It typically occurs between 15 and 16 years of age.
D) Viable sperm production usually occurs a few months prior to the first ejaculation.
TB_11_23_Timing of Puberty_LO 11.3_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following groups is more likely to have a negative body image, get into trouble at school and with
peers, and engage in delinquent behavior?
A) Late-maturing boys
B) Early-maturing boys
C) Late-maturing girls
D) Early-maturing girls
303
TB_11_24_Timing of Puberty_LO 11.3_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following groups is more likely to occupy leadership roles but also be at increased risk for alcohol or
drug use?
A) Late-maturing girls
B) Early-maturing boys
C) Late-maturing boys
D) Early-maturing girls
TB_11_25_Timing of Puberty_LO 11.3_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following is likely to be characteristic of a girl who experienced the major physical changes of puberty
by age ten?
A) A positive body image
B) Involvement with prosocial peers
C) Trouble at home and at school
D) Bipolar disorder
TB_11_26_Sexual Behavior_LO 11.4_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following factors is most likely to influence whether or not teens become sexually active across
cultures?
A) Social factors
B) Hormones
C) Nutritional levels
D) Levels of sex education
304
TB_11_27_Sexual Behavior_LO 11.4_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following statements about adolescent sexual activity is correct?
A) Less than 1/3 of sexually active children report using condoms in their most recent sexual activity.
B) Of the students using contraception, more use the birth control pill than use condoms.
C) Teens who are involved in sports or after-school activities have lower rates of sexual activity than teens who do
not participate in such activities.
D) Among girls, those who are sexually active are less likely to have had early menarche.
TB_11_28_Sexual Behavior_LO 11.4_APA LO 1.1
Just over ____ of sexually active high school females in 2011 reported being on the pill.
A) 16%
B) 23%
C) 58%
D) 72%
TB_11_29_Sexual Behavior_LO 11.4_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following statements about sex education programs is correct?
A) All sex education programs are effective.
B) Most sex education programs are effective.
C) Most sex education programs are ineffective.
D) There is no clear consensus on the effectiveness of sex education programs.
TB_11_30_Adolescent Pregnancy_LO 11.5_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following statements is true regarding adolescent pregnancy in the U.S.?
A) The number of teen pregnancies continues to rise.
B) Teen pregnancy statistics only account for those under the age of 16.
C) The number of unwed teen mothers who eventually wed the babies’ fathers has increased over the past four
decades.
D) The number of births to unmarried teens has increased over the past four decades.
305
TB_11_31_Adolescent Pregnancy_LO 11.5_APA LO 1.1
What is the overall annual teenage pregnancy rate in the United States?
A) 10 per 1,000 teens
B) 20 per 1,000 teens
C) 40 per 1,000 teens
D) 70 per 1,000 teens
TB_11_32_Adolescent Pregnancy_LO 11.5_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following statements about teen pregnancy is true?
A) The highest rate of teenaged pregnancy is among girls under the age of 15.
B) The teenaged pregnancy rate has steadily increased since the 1960s.
C) The rate of births to married teenagers has increased in the last four decades.
D) Pregnancy is most likely to happen after a girl leaves high school.
TB_11_33_Adolescent Pregnancy_LO 11.5_APA LO 1.1
How many teen pregnancies end in abortion?
A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 33%
D) 50%
TB_11_34_Adolescent Pregnancy_LO 11.5_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following is one of the stages of crisis of teen pregnancy?
A) The escalation phase
B) The denial phase
C) The de-escalation phase
D) The radical acceptance phase
306
TB_11_35_Sexual Minority Youth_LO 11.6_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following statements best summarizes the research as to the causes of homosexuality?
A) The majority of teens who identify as homosexual report having been sexually abused as children.
B) More and more research indicates that genetics plays a strong role in the development of sexual orientation.
C) The research does not clearly point to either genetics or environment, but rather indicates that sexual orientation
is a result of both genetic and environmental factors.
D) The research clearly indicates that homosexual behaviors are a matter of choice.
TB_11_36_Sexual Minority Youth_LO 11.6_APA LO 1.1
What is the concordance rate of homosexuality in fraternal twins?
A) 20%
B) 30%
C) 50%
D) 60%
TB_11_37_Sexual Minority Youth_LO 11.6_APA LO 1.1
What is the concordance rate of homosexuality in identical twins?
A) 10–20%
B) 30–40%
C) 50–60%
D) 70–80%
TB_11_38_Sexual Minority Youth_LO 11.6_APA LO 1.1
Most people probably begin to have some awareness of their sexual orientation at what point in their lives?
A) Adolescence
B) Early childhood
C) Middle childhood
D) Young adulthood
307
TB_11_39_Sexual Minority Youth_LO 11.6_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following terms applies to a person whose psychological gender does not match their biological sex?
A) Homosexual
B) Transgendered
C) Transfixed
D) Cross-typed
TB_11_40_Sexual Minority Youth_LO 11.6_APA LO 1.1
Thomas has been transgendered for as long as he can remember. He has begun living full-time as Trina and has
started taking hormone supplements. Trina plans to have gender reassignment surgery next year. Which of the
following terms best describes Trina?
A) Transgendered
B) Homosexual
C) Queer
D) Transsexual
TB_11_41_Sensation Seeking_LO 11.7_APA LO 1.3
What is the correlation between risk-seeking behavior and the media?
A) Teens who watch more than 40 hours of television per week are more likely to engage in sensation seeking.
B) The correlation between media influences and risk taking is negative.
C) Teens who are most strongly influenced by media portrayals of risky behavior are more likely to engage in
sensation seeking.
D) There is no evidence to correlate media portrayals of risky behavior and sensation seeking.
308
TB_11_42_Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco_LO 11.8_APA LO 1.3
According to your textbook, among teenagers, sensation seeking appears to be LEAST associated with which of the
following?
A) Automobile accidents and injuries
B) Tobacco use
C) Drug use
D) Alcohol use
TB_11_43_Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco_LO 11.8_APA LO 1.3
Among teenagers, what is the most commonly used substance?
A) Alcohol
B) Cocaine
C) Marijuana
D) Diet pills
TB_11_44_Eating Disorders_LO 11.9_APA LO 1.3
Which of the following is a characteristic of anorexia nervosa?
A) Eating large amounts of food and then purging
B) Extreme dieting
C) Excessive menstruation
D) Impulsivity
TB_11_45_Eating Disorders_LO 11.9_APA LO 1.3
The core feature(s) of anorexia nervosa is (are)
A) binging and purging.
B) obsessive fear of food.
C) the use of laxatives or self-induced vomiting.
D) intense fear of weight gain, extreme dieting, and obsessive exercising.
309
TB_11_46_Eating Disorders_LO 11.9_APA LO 1.3
The eating disorder bulimia nervosa is characterized by
A) obsessive dieting that results in death by starvation.
B) significant weight loss.
C) episodes of binge eating that are followed by purging activities.
D) metabolic dysfunction that triggers compulsive and excessive eating.
TB_11_47_Eating Disorders_LO 11.9_APA LO 1.3
Which of the following is associated with bulimia?
A) Excessive weight loss
B) Cessation of menstruation
C) Schizophrenia
D) Depression
TB_11_48_Eating Disorders_LO 11.9_APA LO 1.3
Use of laxatives, exercise, and vomiting are most closely associated with which of the following?
A) Treatment of anorexia nervosa
B) Binge behaviors
C) Purging
D) Treatment of bulimia
TB_11_49_Eating Disorders_LO 11.9_APA LO 1.3
Tooth decay among bulimic teens is caused by which of the following?
A) Poor nutrition
B) Repeated vomiting
C) Bulimia’s correlation with poor hygiene
D) Excessive intake of sugary foods
310
TB_11_50_Eating Disorders_LO 11.9_APA LO 1.3
Which of the following conditions has been proposed by theorists as a possible explanation for the development of
eating disorders in our society?
A) Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
B) ADHD
C) Schizophrenia
D) Specific phobia
TB_11_51_Eating Disorders_LO 11.9_APA LO 1.3
Which of the following terms describes an excessive need for control of the environment?
A) Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
B) Manic personality disorder
C) Controlling personality disorder
D) Borderline personality disorder
TB_11_52_Depression and Suicide_LO 11.10_APA LO 1.3
Which of the following may create a developmental pathway for adolescent depression?
A) Growing up with a depressed parent
B) Growing up in a religion that emphasizes traditional gender roles
C) Growing up in a low socioeconomic status family
D) Having many siblings
TB_11_53_Depression and Suicide_LO 11.10_APA LO 1.3
Which of the following factors is likely to contribute to the development of depression among adolescents?
A) Genetic factors
B) Large family size
C) Average self-esteem
D) Family responsibilities and chores