Almost all humans have 23 pairs of which of the following?
a. RNA
b. Chromosomes
c. Genes
d. Corduroys
When the PER and TIM levels are low, they result in:
a. narcolepsy.
b. insomnia.
c. sleepiness.
d. wakefulness.
Cells in the ____ prevent us from confusing eye movements with object movements.
a. ventral part of area MST
b. dorsal part of area MST
c. motor cortex
d. occipital lobe
What is the relationship between PTSD and size of the hippocampus?
a. PTSD causes a decrease in the number of neurons in the hippocampus.
b. PTSD causes a decrease in the size of neurons in the hippocampus.
c. People with a smaller than average hippocampus are more likely than others to
develop PTSD.
d. People with a larger than average hippocampus are more likely than others to
develop PTSD.
Digestive activity is increased by the activation of which branch of the autonomic
nervous system?
a. The parasympathetic
b. The sympathetic
c. Both the parasympathetic and sympathetic
d. Neither the parasympathetic nor the sympathetic
Researchers begin to look for clues to the genetics of Alzheimer’s by investigating the
chromosome related to:
a. Korsakoff’s disease.
b. Down syndrome.
c. epilepsy.
d. alcoholism.
Some cats “play” with a mouse before killing it. How can this kind of behavior best be
explained?
a. the cat’s perverse pleasure in prolonging the mouse’s pain
b. an instinctive need for additional pursuit behaviors prior to eating
c. a conflict between attack and escape behaviors
d. regression to infantile patterns of activity in the hippocampus
A loss of dopamine activity leads to ____ stimulation of the motor cortex and ____
onset of movements.
a. less; faster
b. more; faster
c. less; slower
d. more; slower
Many neurons release neuropeptides mostly from the:
a. vesicles
b. nodes
c. axons
d. dendrites
A possible treatment for Alzheimer’s is the administration of drugs that:
a. stimulate acetylcholine receptors.
b. inhibit the basal forebrain.
c. inhibit acetylcholine release.
d. increase A42production.
Proliferation occurs:
a. at the top of the spinal column.
b. around the vesicles.
c. around the ventricles.
d. at the expanding edge of the brain.
When an adopted child develops schizophrenia, the disease is significantly more
probable among the:
a. adopting relatives than the biological relatives.
b. biological relatives than the adopting relatives.
c. siblings than the parents.
d. fathers than the mothers.
When a neuron’s membrane is at rest, the concentration gradient tends to move
potassium ____ the cell and the electrical gradient tends to move it ____ the cell.
a. into, into
b. into, out of
c. out of, into
d. out of, out of
Oligodendrocytes in the periphery are specialized types of glia.
People born without a corpus callosum can perform some tasks as do people with a
corpus callosum. They can perform these tasks because the:
a. corpus callosum eventually does grow, to a degree.
b. brain’s other commissures become larger than usual.
c. two hemispheres communicate magnetically.
d. two hemispheres communicate through the exchange of hormones.
How does the method of transcranial magnetic stimulation of brain areas differ from
magnetic inactivation?
a. Brain activation results from long, intense magnetic stimulation.
b. Brain inactivation results from mild, brief magnetic stimulation.
c. The magnets are simply reversed.
d. Brain activation results from mild, brief magnetic stimulation.
PGO (waves) is an abbreviation for which of the following?
a. paradoxical gradual onset
b. psycho-galvanic oscillation
c. pons geniculate occipital
d. psychasthenia glyceric onomatopoeia
Small birds generally eat:
a. as much as they can at one time.
b. only what they need at the moment.
c. three discrete meals per day.
d. mostly during the night.
If the cochlea suffers damage but it is confined to one part of the cochlea, that
individual will lose:
a. all hearing.
b. hearing of certain frequencies of sound.
c. hearing of certain rhythms of sound.
d. hearing of certain loudness of sound.
Suppose someone has a genetic defect that prevents the formation of horizontal cells in
the retina. Which visual phenomenon is most likely to be impaired?
a. lateral inhibition
b. movement perception
c. dark adaptation
d. size constancy
When the range maintained by homeostatic processes is very narrow, what is it called?
a. a set point
b. a match point
c. idiopathic
d. band specific
Cortical blindness may result from the destruction of:
a. any part of the cortex.
b. the occipital cortex.
c. the parietal cortex.
d. the central sulcus.
Cigarette smoking correlates with a decreased risk of:
a. Huntington’s disease.
b. sleep apnea.
c. Parkinson’s disease.
d. myasthenia gravis.
The sensory aspect of pain activates the ____ cortex, whereas the emotional aspect
activates the ____ cortex.
a. cingulate, somatosensory
b. somatosensory, cingulate
c. fusiform, premotor
d. premotor, fusiform
Anterograde amnesia is to ____ as retrograde amnesia is to ____.
a. storing new memories; memories of the past
b. memories just prior to the damage; memories from childhood
c. short-term memory; long-term memory
d. emotional memories; non-emotional memories
Nancy Andreasen, one of the leading investigators of schizophrenia, considers the main
problem to be:
a. bizarre movements.
b. hallucinations.
c. disordered thoughts.
d. depression.
Damage to some of the axons that innervate a given structure may give rise to:
a. collateral sprouting, but not denervation supersensitivity.
b. denervation supersensitivity, but not collateral sprouting.
c. both collateral sprouting and denervation supersensitivity.
d. neither collateral sprouting nor denervation supersensitivity.
In what way is a rat with damage to the ventromedial hypothalamus similar to a
starving animal?
a. Both will eat a large amount of whatever food is available, regardless of its taste.
b. Both empty food out of their stomachs at a rate that is slower than normal.
c. Both have low levels of fuel available to its cells.
d. Both go through long periods of refusing to eat.
Meningitis is an inflammation of the:
a. cerebrospinal fluid.
b. glia.
c. membranes surrounding the brain.
d. medulla oblongata.
What happens if people are put in an environment that is constantly light?
a. It does not affect them in any way.
b. They complain that they cannot sleep.
c. They complain that they have difficulty waking up.
d. They follow a cycle closer to 28 hours than to 24 hours.