1) studies of the role of titles in text comprehension have shown that:
a.titles are only comprehended after the passage is understood
b.titles orient readers to particular aspects of a passage
c.readers often find titles to be distracting
d.subjects ignore titles when searching for an appropriate schema
2) in studies of speech errors, it has been found that elements that interact with one
another tend to:
a.come from different linguistic environments
b.be phonologically distinct from one another
c.preserve phonological rules of the language
d.result in nonsense words
3) a grammar is:
a.an infinite set of sentences
b.a theory of language
c.a finite set of sentences
d.an infinite set of rules
4) according to dell, the lexical bias effect:
a.should be independent of speaking rate
b.should be greater with faster speaking rates
c.should be greater with slower speaking rates
d.should be the same in faster and slower speaking rates
5) duncan (1972) observed that the combination of hand gestures and one or more
turn-yielding cues signals that:
a.the speaker is finished speaking
b.the speaker is actively searching for a word or expression, but intends to continue
speaking
c.a speaker is searching for the right word or expression and is inviting another speaker
to take the floor
d.the speaker does not intend to participate further in the conversation
6) childrens pretend play is developmentally important because:
a.it signifies that one object can stand for another
b.it reveals that children can imitate what they see
c.it helps young children remember that hidden objects still exist
d.it shows that childrens thinking processes are vastly different from those of adults
7) syntax refers to:
a.the grammatical arrangement of words within the sentence
b.the system of sounds in a language
c.the meanings of words and sentences
d.the social rules involved in language use
8) models that view speech production as a sequence of stages that occur one at a time
are referred to as _____ models.
a.serial
b.incremental
c.parallel
d.converging
9) geschwinds model of language processing comes from:
a.anthropological data
b.studies of animal vocalizations
c.studies of aphasia
d.studies of normal brain function
10) ____________ refers to the process by which a phoneme, during a speech error, is
shifted to a new location (such as /s/ in run outs) and takes the form appropriate to the
new location (e.g., /s/ rather than /z/).
a.planning
b.accommodation
c.undershooting
d.coarticulation
11) the underlying meaning of a sentence is referred to as its:
a.phrase structure
b.deep structure
c.surface structure
d.universal grammar
12) the fact that we can perceive letters in a word context better than individual letters
is referred to as:
a.the interactive activation effect
b.the word-superiority effect
c.the phonemic restoration effect
d.mispronunciation detection
13) the gardners used american sign language with washoe because:
a.it is easier to videotape than english
b. chimpanzees are better equipped, physiologically, to handle a manual language than
an oral language
c.it is simpler than english, and thus a good place to begin language training
d.asl is more iconic than english
14) the fis phenomenon refers to the observation that:
a.children simplify adult words in their pronunciation
b.children imitate adult intonational patterns very early in life
c.children can perceive phonological distinctions that they are unable to produce
d.children cannot discriminate words any better than they can identify them
15) current research into eskimo words for snow suggests that:
a.eskimos have many more words for snow that english speakers
b.the number of eskimo words for snow may have been somewhat exaggerated, but it is
still greater than the number of english words for snow
c.it is not clear that eskimos have more words for snow than english speakers
d.english speakers have more words for snow than eskimo speakers
16) anatomical studies of vocal tracts have indicated that:
a.the vocal tracts of humans and chimpanzees are structurally identical
b.chimpanzees are incapable of producing vowel sounds such as [a], [i], and [u]
c.the neanderthal did not have a larynx
d.the neanderthal were capable of producing the full range of speech sounds of
present-day humans.