1) an individual who is present during a conversation but not directly involved in a
given conversational exchange is called a(n):
a.eavesdropper
b.participant
c.overhearer
d.side participant
2) the words sand, mud, and air are:
a.count nouns
b.complex nouns
c.mass nouns
d.regular nouns
3) children who acquire language using an expressive strategy tend to:
a.use dummy terms in their sentences
b.have poor articulation of individual sounds but clear sentence intonation patterns
c.learn sentences as complete, unanalyzed units
d.use mainly nouns
4) we apply the immediacy principle to:
a.postpone interpreting a word or phrase until the sentence meaning is clear
b.compute the literal meaning of a sentence before rejecting it
c.maintain the exact wording of a sentence in memory
d.reduce memory load when processing a sentence
5) in a study on categorical perception, listeners hear two sounds and then a third, and
determine if the third sound was the same as the first or the second. results show that:
a.performance is at chance if the two sounds are from the same phonetic category
b.performance is poor at the outset but listeners improve significantly with practice
c.performance is better if the two sounds are from the same phonetic category than if
they are from different phonetic categories
d.all of the above
6) content words, which include nouns, verbs, and adjectives, are known as _______
words.
a.open-class
b.closed-class
c.tacit
d.explicit
7) the sentences the woman lost track of her little boy at the mall. she became very
worried illustrate what type of cohesion?
a.substitution
b.lexical
c.ellipsis
d.reference
8) ____________ constitutes evidence to a child that a particular utterance is
ungrammatical.
a.deduction
b.induction
c.positive evidence
d.negative evidence
9) the fact that the term spinster tends to convey the notion of a person that is old and
stodgy is part of the terms:
a.denotation
b.sense
c.reference
d. connotation
10) researchers studying __________ are most likely to make use of a speech
spectrogram.
a.sociolinguistics
b.acoustic phonetics
c.articulatory phonetics
d. phonology