Unlike ____, which is passive and automatic, ____ is active and voluntary.
A. apperception; perception
B. perception; apperception
C. attention; creative synthesis
D. creative synthesis; attention
The ____ model of mental illness assumes that all disease is the result of the
malfunctioning of some aspect of the body, mainly the brain.
A. psychological
B. supernatural
C. medical
D. sympathetic
Wertheimer found that if the interval between light flashes is about ____ ms, it appears
that one light is moving from one position to the other.
A. 30
B. 40
C. 60
D. 200
What term did Galton use for the improvement of living organisms through selective
breeding?
A. phrenology
B. eugenics
C. anthropometry
D. sociobiology
The widespread acceptance of the medical model of mental illness in modern times
resulted in:
A. accepting the enigmatic nature of mental illness
B. discouraging a search for psychological causes of mental illness
C. explaining mental illness in terms of a person’s conflicts, frustrations, and emotional
disturbances
D. analyzing how environmental factors impact psychological well-being
According to Plato, the supreme goal in life should be to:
A. give all components of the soul equal expression
B. return to the world beyond the world
C. be courageous in the face of danger
D. free the soul as much as possible from the adulterations of the flesh
Which statement would Gilbert Ryle most likely agree with regarding the mind-body
problem?
A. The answer lies within the structure of the brain.
B. You should not look at the brain to find the mind.
C. Investigate the brain alongside human behavior to find the mind.
D. Human action will guide you to the mind.
According to Berkeley, external reality exists because:
A. it makes common sense to assume that it does
B. God perceives it
C. without it, there would be no primary qualities
D. humans invent it
What was true of Comte’s proposed utopian society?
A. God became a figure of forgiveness, not condemnation.
B. Science and Catholicism coexisted peacefully.
C. The natural selflessness and the moral resolution of women was emphasized.
D. The main political philosophy was utilitarianism.
What is the procedure of chipping a hole in the skull to allow evil spirits to escape?
A. trepanation
B. incantation
C. spiritual ventilation
D. spirit letting
Dewey argued that analyzing the elements of a reflex caused the investigator to miss its
most important feature, its ____.
A. purposiveness
B. biochemical correlates
C. relationship to the mind
D. relationship to other reflexes
Pavlov is to conditioned reflex as Bechterev is to:
A. unconditioned reflex
B. association reflex
C. conditioned reflex
D. mental reflex
Who is commonly credited with the founding of the school of functionalism?
A. James
B. Dewey
C. Hall
D. Mnsterberg
According to Comte’s law of three stages, a culture at the most primitive stage of
explaining things used ____ explanations.
A. theological
B. metaphysical
C. scientific
D. sociological
For Aristotle, sensory experience:
A. is the only thing necessary for attaining knowledge
B. is unnecessary for attaining knowledge
C. is necessary but not sufficient for attaining knowledge
D. inhibits the attainment of knowledge
The religion in which individuals are caught in an eternal struggle between wisdom and
correctness as well as ignorance and evil is called:
A. Vedantism
B. mystery religions
C. Zoroastrianism
D. cult of Mithras
According to St. Augustine, humans can have conceptions of the past and future
because:
A. we are made in God’s image
B. we live in the eternal present
C. of the remnants of sensory experiences
D. man is the measure of all things
According to Fromm, the first thing many individuals do when they discover their
freedom is to:
A. seek other free people
B. attempt to free others
C. escape from that freedom
D. live authentic lives
Heidegger used the term ____ to indicate that a person and the world were inseparable.
A. thrownness
B. Eigenwelt
C. Mitwelt
D. Dasein
According to Spinoza, we feel pleasure when we:
A. perform altruistic acts
B. find clear ideas
C. act in accordance with God
D. give way to our carnal desires