1) Which one of the following is the best illustration of synthesis within Blooms
taxonomy?
a.Angela discovers fallacies in her teachers argument regarding the value of an
agricultural economy in Africa.
b.Connie dissects an earthworm in order to examine its digestive system.
c.Edgar uses a principle that he learned in physics to develop a new tool to lift a heavy
object.
d.Georgette writes a justification for corporal punishment using information from her
sociology and psychology classes.
2) Drive reduction theory is no longer as popular as it was in early conceptions of
motivation. Which one of the following research findings contributed to the demise of
drive reduction theory?
a.Although drive reduction theory explains virtually all of rat behavior, it explains very
little of human behavior.
b.For some organisms, drive is a physiological impossibility.
c.For human beings, so many drives exist simultaneously that its impossible to
completely satisfy them all.
d.Organisms sometimes behave in ways that increase rather than reduce drive.
3) Will is trying to repair a leaky faucet. He first uses the method he used on the last
three leaky faucets he repaired, but this approach doesnt work. Then he tries a technique
he used several years ago, but this doesnt work either. Finally he remembers a method
his mother taught him long ago, and this one stops the leak. Wills approach to the
problem can probably best be understood from which of the following perspectives of
problem solving?
a.Stages of problem solving
b.Trial-and-error
c.The Gestalt notion of insight
d.Response hierarchy
4) Which one of the following factors is likely to have the greatest influence in the
development of a persons worldview?
a.The culture in which a person grows up
b.The kinds of books a person reads as a child
c.The extent to which a person has pursued higher education
d.The persons physical environment (e.g., whether the land is flat or mountainous)
5) The textbook distinguishes between a challenge and a threat. Which one of the
following is most likely to be a threat rather than a challenge?
a.You think you can probably make the basketball team, but only if you practice every
day at home.
b.You are required to take a college course in nuclear physics, even though you failed
basic physics in high school.
c.You have invited a friend to dinner and are trying a recipe youve never tried before.
d.Youre asked to climb up a twenty-foot rope hanging from the ceiling. Youve climbed
ten feet before, but youve never climbed twenty feet.
6) Which one of the following exemplifies situational interest rather than personal
interest?
a.Adam finds the Guinness Book of World Records on the shelf and is intrigued by the
strange people it describes.
b.Blaine cant think of anything hed rather do than play poker with his friends.
c.Chuck spends every Saturday and Sunday working on the 1951 Chevy in his garage.
d.Dave loves to snorkel and hopes to be a marine biologist when he finishes college.
7) Three of the following illustrate a product goal toward which learners might strive.
Which one illustrates a process goal?
a.Trying to get ones form right in serving a tennis ball
b.Trying to earn scores of 95% or higher on weekly spelling tests
c.Trying to get an editorial published in the local newspaper
d.Trying to win a race
8) Which one of the following best describes the growth of neurons during the prenatal
period?
a.An overabundance of neurons emerges early in prenatal development, but about half
of the neurons die before birth.
b.Neurons continue to be generated at a rapid rate throughout the last six months of the
prenatal period.
c.Neurons begin to develop in the fifth month of pregnancy, and they proliferate rapidly
during the third trimester.
d.Neurons that will support basic physiological functioning appear in the first two
months after conception; those that will be responsible for higher-level thinking
processes dont appear until two or three months before birth.
9) If you were teaching students a new concept, which strategy would be most
effective?
a.Presenting only positive instances, so students dont get confused.
b.Presenting only negative instances, so students arent overwhelmed.
c.Describing the concepts correlational features.
d.Presenting a definition that identifies defining features.
10) Which one of the following statements indicates that the speaker is focused on a
performance-avoidance goal?
a.This is my chance to show all my classmates how smart I am.
b.Boy, I hope I dont get this problem wrong. If I do, Ill look like an idiot.
c.Id really like to become a better math student. I hope the teacher gives me feedback
about how I can improve my skills.
d.I need to do well in my science classes so I can get into a good engineering school.
11) Which one of the following teachers is definitely keeping in mind Piagets idea that
assimilation and accommodation are both necessary for learning and cognitive
development to occur?
a.Mr. Ames presents brand new topics every day, expecting the continual novelty to
keep students interested and motivated.
b.Mr. Baretta shows students how a new topic is similar to the things they already
know, but also different in certain ways.
c.Ms. Chang makes sure that students have learned one topic very, very well before
moving on to another.
d.Ms. Doherty uses a lot of drill and practice exercises, encouraging students to work
faster every time.
12) Three of the following examples illustrate ways in which self-regulated learners can
control their own motivation. Which one does not?
a.Linda enjoys doing her math homework, but she finds her Spanish homework boring.
b.Sanford continually reminds himself that doing well in his classes is important if he
wants to get into medical school.
c.Reese, Malcolm, and Dewey turn their group study session into a mock quiz-show
format.
d.When choosing a topic for her research paper, Nancy picks something she will enjoy
reading about.
13) Pamela is an average-ability high school student who is having difficulty in her
chemistry class. She is beginning to think she should cheat on the next chemistry exam.
Four of Pamelas classmates give her advice. Judging from Banduras findings on how
people adopt standards for their own behavior, to which classmate is Pamela most likely
to listen?
a.Amy, a girl of similar ability, tells her that a little cheating now and then is perfectly
acceptable.
b.Betty, who consistently gets the highest grade in class, tells her to study harder
instead.
c.Carla, who consistently gets the lowest grade in class, tells her that she will probably
fail if she doesnt cheat.
d.Doreen, a college chemistry major, tells her that she would only be cheating herself.
14) Which one of the following examples best illustrates implicit rather than explicit
knowledge?
a.Knowing that vertebrates are animals with backbones
b.Knowing that doing well on the GRE exams is important for getting into graduate
school
c.Knowing how to create grammatically correct sentences in everyday conversation
d.Knowing how to use footnotes in a research paper
15) Knowledge about the general plot of a novel one has read is probably stored in
long-term memory as:
a.productions
b.propositions
c.verbal codes
d.images
16) Which one of the following best reflects the use of the sensory register component
of memory?
a.You can remember a melody for several hours even though you dont remember the
lyrics.
b.You can remember something you heard for a second or two even though you werent
initially paying attention to it.
c.You can remember the name of a person just long enough to introduce her to someone
else.
d.You can remember the concept of reinforcement because you are able to relate it to
your own experiences.
17) Which one of the following examples best illustrates the concept of situated
motivation?
a.Nathan gets extremely upset when he gets anything less than a perfect score on a test
paper, probably because his parents have always expected him to be perfect at
everything he does.
b.Last year Ophelia was bored to tears in history class, but this year she loves history
because her teacher seems to make the subject come alive.
c.Polly is afraid of water because once, when she was a little girl, she almost drowned.
d.Quinton would really like to play on his high school basketball team, but because hes
quite short, he has settled for what he considers to be second-best: being on the
wrestling team.