1) axons:
a.transmit nerve impulses to terminal buttons and vary in length
b.are always bundled with other axons to form nerves and are individually very short in
length
c.vary in length depending on whether they send or receive information
d.are uniform in size throughout the body though capable of serving different functions
2) your text describes a study by dijksterhuis and van knippenberg (1998) in which
participants earned higher scores in a trivia game when they thought about professors
than when they thought about soccer hooligans. your text attributes this result to the
activation of knowledge. with respect to the definition of psychology, your texts
explanation of the finding emphasizes:
a.behavior
b.the mind
c.the brain
d.either the brain or the mind; the brain and the mind are the same thing
3) recently, a massive flood destroyed isaacs home. isaac believes he would have died
in the flood if his neighbor had not rescued him. according to terror management theory,
how is isaac likely to feel after this traumatic experience?
a.he is likely to become quite depressed due to the terrifying event.
b.he may feel very guilty if he knows he survived but others did not.
c.he will experience higher than average self-esteem if he engages in meaningful
activities.
d.he will experience lower than average self-esteem because he had to be rescued by
someone.
4) which of the following statements best captures the relationship between cultural
evolution, on the one hand, and biological evolution, on the other hand?
a.cultural evolution sets the stage for biological evolution.
b.cultural evolution has taken over from biological evolution.
c.cultural evolution has occurred more rapidly than biological evolution.
d.cultural evolution has occurred alongside biological evolution.
5) which of the following statements represents a difference between the current edition
of the diagnostic and statistical manual and the older editions?
a.the current version is more popular with psychotherapists, whereas the older versions
were more popular with social and personality psychologists.
b.the current edition uses a multiaxial system wherein multiple factors involving mental
health are addressed.
c.the older editions classified disorders into categories, but the newest edition does not.
d.most psychiatrists and psychologists used the older editions, but the newest edition is
less popular.
6) inhibitory signals _____ polarization, _____ the likelihood of an action potential.
a.decrease; decreasing
b.decrease; increasing
c.increase; decreasing
d.increase; increasing
7) according to the results of one study, those members of ethnic minorities in the
united states who are more _____ are most likely to exercise regularly.
a.independent
b.nonacculturated
c.acculturated
d.aligned with their ethnic group
8) the best treatment for phobias is considered to be:
a.cognitive-behavioral therapy
b.pharmacological therapy
c.electroconvulsive therapy
d.systematic desensitization
9) maslows need hierarchy has been criticized for:
a.lacking empirical support
b.being limited to western cultures
c.defining the nature of a need too broadly
d.underestimating the role of physiological factors
10) in which city did wilhelm wundt open the first psychological laboratory?
a.vienna, austria
b.leipzig, germany
c.oxford, england
d.krakow, poland
11) students participating in a psychology experiment are asked to identify the emotions
expressed by a number of different kinds of faces. on which type of face would they
recognize the emotion most quickly?
a.happy man
b.angry man
c.happy woman
d.angry woman
12) reflective listening is used primarily in _____ therapy.
a.client-centered
b.cognitive-behavioral
c.psychodynamic
d.group
13) shared goals that require cooperation can result in reduced:
a.cooperation
b.prejudice
c.understanding
d.none of the above
14) janelle found that when asked to describe her friends personalities, she was good at
it. when asked to describe her own personality, it took her a while to organize her
thoughts and respond. her difficulty in responding to questions about her own
personality provides evidence for which research finding?
a.people tend to lie about their characters to fit others preconceptions.
b.people have limited knowledge of their own behaviors because they often pay
attention to others behavior.
c.people like to appear thoughtful when asked questions about themselves directly.
d.people try to mask their excessive self-interest by appearing disinterested in their own
behaviors.
15) which cultural group is most likely to focus on an entire image rather than the
single elements of its foreground?
a.eastern cultures
b.western cultures
c.both western and eastern cultures
d.neither western nor eastern cultures
16) of the following, which schedule of reinforcement leads to fastest extinction?
a.fixed
b.partial
c.interval
d.continuous
17) which of the following statements concerning hypnosis is true?
a.hypnosis is the same as sleeping.
b.someone else is controlling the hypnotized person.
c.hypnosis is an altered state of consciousness.
d.none of the above is true.
18) what brain regions have been linked to narcolepsy?
a.motor cortex
b.parietal lobe and spinal cord
c.temporal lobe and frontal lobe
d.hypothalamus