1) dr. chen studies several traits that distinguish one person from another. dr. doherty
investigates how people grow and change during late adolescence and young adulthood.
dr. chen is a _____ psychologist; dr. doherty is a _____.
a.personality; personality psychologist, too
b.personality; developmental psychologist
c.developmental; personality psychologist
d.developmental; developmental psychologist, too
2) our perception of the world is most like a:
a.digital camera that takes snapshots
b.cell phone camera that takes movies without sound
c.video camera that takes movies with sound
d.film that has been edited to convey a theme
3) tory was asked, do you consider yourself smart? tory immediately answered, i think i
am just as smart as anyone else. torys ability to answer effortlessly and automatically,
without having to think much about the question, shows that:
a.she has low self-esteem and is providing a reactive answer
b.she is unconsciously differentiating between the i and the me in her answer
c.her self-schema includes information about her level of intelligence
d.she probably does not value intelligence
4) joann describes herself as a modest and rational person. she does not usually spend
time daydreaming or seeking out new experiences. instead, she enjoys completing
familiar tasks and having a structured daily routine. if joann is measured on the five
factors of the five-factor theory, she will probably score very low in:
a.empathy
b.introversion
c.conscientiousness
d.openness
5) sahndra and yosef each need to buy cereal. sahndra goes to the convenience store
that stocks only three kinds of cereal. yosef goes to the grocery store that stocks fifteen
kinds. if the brands in each store represent at least reasonable choices, who is more
likely to buy cereal? if they both buy cereal, who is more likely to be happy with the
cereal?
a.sahndra; sahndra
b.yosef; yosef
c.yosef; sahndra
d.sahndra; yosef
6) the general nature of the first words that a baby uses:
a.depends very much on the language in which the baby is socialized
b.shows a high level of similarity across languages
c.is largely a function of whether the baby is raised in a collective culture or an
individualistic culture
d.depends on the specific objects that are important in the childs environment
7) occasionally, jon will fall asleep while working with a customer. jon is experiencing
which sleep disorder?
a.sleep apnea
b.insomnia
c.narcolepsy
d.all of the above
8) in terms of animal personality, conscientiousness has been observed:
a.only in humans
b.only in humans and chimpanzees
c.in humans and many other land-dwelling animals
d.in almost all species studied, including aquatic animals
9) the development of a theory of mind is linked to development in which area of the
brain?
a.limbic system
b.amygdala
c.prefrontal region
d.cerebellum
10) men and women have been shown to differ on all but which of the following?
a.how they solve complex problems
b.the degree to which they use language-related brain regions
c.the size of the brain
d.intelligence
11) what is the challenge for cognitive psychologists?
a.making sense of social phenomena after tragic events
b.accounting for peoples overt behavior
c.understanding the nature of our everyday mental representations
d.understanding cultural differences in the way people behave
12) the brain stem consists of:
a.the pons
b.the medulla
c.the midbrain
d.all of the above
13) myelination:
a.occurs in all brain regions at roughly the same time
b.increases the speed at which a neuron can transmit signals
c.is not complete in the brain areas involved in abstract thought until young adulthood
d.both b and c
14) mischel has been a major critic of trait theories of personality in arguing that
behavior is:
a.not as influenced by the unconscious as trait theorists predict
b.consistent only for familiar situations
c.not as consistent as trait theorists predict
d.less dependent on the situation than trait theories assume
15) about personality disorders, we can say that:
a.we know a great deal about their causes and effective treatments
b.effective treatments have been devised in the absence of understanding their causes
c.compared to other forms of mental difficulty, they are relatively easy to treat
d.they are typically very difficult to treat
16) a human newborn:
a.cannot discriminate brightness and color
b.can clearly focus on objects up to 50 feet away
c.can tell the difference between her or his mothers voice and that of a stranger
d.can discriminate tiny stripes from gray patches
17) men raised in the south in the 1970s responded to verbally aggressive behavior by a
confederate in a psychology study by:
a.acting in a more aggressive or dominant manner
b.engaging in violence against the confederate
c.refusing to participate in the study
d.challenging the confederates bad behavior
18) which of the following is not one of the axes of the dsm-iv classification system?
a.clinical disorders
b.personality disorders
c.employment status
d.medical conditions
19) the final exam that you will take in your psychology class is a(n) _____ test.
a.aptitude
b.achievement
c.general ability
d.standardized
20) broadbents filter theory of attention assumed that selective attention was necessary
because people have limited _____ capacity and thus must focus on the most _____
information.
a.short-term memory; important
b.sensory memory; important
c.short-term memory; transient
d.sensory memory; transient