1) an evidence-based approach to psychological treatment would lead one to favor
_____ for a wide variety of psychological disorders.
a.cognitive-behavioral therapy
b.long-term psychoanalysis
c.scream therapy
d.deep brain stimulation
2) in correlational studies, it is always possible that an unmeasured variable is
responsible for the relation of interest. this complication is known as:
a.observer bias
b.experimenter expectancy effects
c.the directionality problem
d.the third variable problem
3) transcranial magnetic stimulation is similar to electroconvulsive therapy in two ways.
it _____, and it is helpful for people who _____.
a.involves brain stimulation; have a second serious disorder, such as schizophrenia
b.involves brain stimulation; have not responded to traditional drug therapies
c.can be used outside of a hospital setting; also have another serious disorder, such as
schizophrenia
d.can be used outside of a hospital setting; have not responded to traditional drug
therapies
4) using principles of evolutionary science to understand why people are able to detect
cheating is appropriate because cheating is:
a.immoral
b.passed on genetically and contaminates the gene pool
c.a good way of dividing resources
d.effective at causing conflict and the destruction of a group
5) christie is unhappily married. she is likely to have:
a.worse immune function than an otherwise similar, happily married woman
b.better immune function than a morbidly obese person
c.worse immune function than a morbidly obese person
d.better immune function than a smoker
6) of the following, which schedule of reinforcement leads to fastest acquisition?
a.ratio
b.interval
c.continuous
d.fixed
7) in light of the results of the milgram studies, which of the following soldiers would
you expect to have the least trouble carrying out his orders?
a.a soldier shooting an enemy soldier at a distance of 10 feet
b.a soldier shooting enemy soldiers from inside a tank
c.a marine strangling an enemy sailor in an amphibious landing
d.a pilot dropping a bomb on an enemy airbase
8) this type of medication works by increasing the level of serotonin and other
neurotransmitters in the brain:
a.anti-anxiety
b.antidepressants
c.antipsychotic
d.none of the above
9) if a person wants people to determine the average weight of customers in a store, she
could create a questionnaire where people check a category that indicates their weight:
110 to 119 pounds, 120 to 129 pounds, and so forth. what statistic would be useful so
she can include enough weight categories on her questionnaire?
a.range
b.median
c.mode
d.mean
10) a(n) _____ provides an explanation of how an observable phenomenon works.
a.theory
b.hypothesis
c.experiment
d.none of the above
11) the systematic recording of overt behavior of human and nonhuman animals in their
natural environment involves what research strategy?
a.observational techniques
b.case studies
c.psychophysiological assessment
d.response performance strategies
12) when you go to your therapist in an attempt to overcome your fear of heights, she
asks you to lie on a couch and relax while you imagine slowly climbing up the steps of
a ladder. she is using:
a.insight therapy
b.creative visualization therapy
c.flooding technique
d.systematic desensitization
13) why is categorization an efficient way of thinking?
a.it reduces the amount of information about a concept in memory.
b.it makes information about a concept more specific.
c.it reduces the number of concepts held in memory.
d.it prioritizes the important information in a concept.
14) which of the following is likely to be associated with observer bias?
a.reactivity
b.experience sampling
c.experimenter expectancy
d.the hawthorne effect
15) the term genetics is used to describe how:
a.physical characteristics are passed on through inheritance
b.behavioral and personality characteristics are passed on through inheritance
c.physical, behavioral, and personality characteristics are passed on through inheritance
d.physical and behavioral characteristics are passed on through inheritance
16) in humans, the alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome involves:
a.the inhibition of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system
b.the production of cortisol, which helps the body respond to stress
c.reduced production of both norepinephrine and epinephrine
d.deactivation of the sympathetic nervous system
17) kosslyn and his colleagues found that visual imagery is associated with activity in
the primary visual cortex, which contains the perception-related areas of the brain. this
finding means that images _____ perceptions.
a.are identical to
b.are symbolic of
c.generate
d.correspond to