A utilization review may take place _______________________ treatment.
A.before
B.during
C.after
D.All of the choices
E.a and c
School counselors can discuss the topic of abortion with a student
a. under any circumstances.
b. if the circumstances are determined to be unusual.
c. if the school board has not adopted a policy forbidding such a discussion.
d. only if parents are present.
The law is:
A.not fact-specific.
B.fact-specific.
C.synonymous with “ethics.”
D.both a and c.
Programs such as life-planning workshops, value-clarification seminars, and
interpersonal-skills training are examples of:
a. direct community services in the form of preventive education.
b. indirect community services aimed at changing the social environment by
influencing policymakers.
c. direct client services focusing on outreach activities to an at-risk population.
d. indirect client services consisting of client advocacy involving active intervention on
the behalf of an individual or a group.
When therapists extend the boundaries of their practice, or when they branch out into an
area requiring specialty competence, they should
a. be sufficiently prepared if they read books and journal articles pertaining to the new
specialty area.
b. seek consultation with a competent practitioner.
c. return to graduate school and receive another degree.
d. gain competence on their own before consulting with other professionals.
Nakita is an African-American mother with four children who has had difficulty finding
housing in a safe community. Lisa, her social worker, suspects that racial discrimination
is involved and takes Nakita to sites that she has previously screened for availability. In
this case, Lisa is acting as an:
A.evaluator.
B.adviser.
C.advocate.
D.ombudsman.
With respect to confidentiality, group leaders have a responsibility to:
A.clearly define what it means.
B.explain its importance.
C.inform members of the difficulties involved in enforcing it.
D.All of the choices
Marie is working with a lesbian client who is in a dysfunctional relationship with
another woman. She is seeking counseling to sort out her options regarding leaving her
emotionally abusive partner. Marie can assist her client by:
a. automatically attributing her client’s problems to her sexual orientation.
b. attempting to change the sexual orientation of her client.
c. supporting her client’s attempt to leave the abusive relationship, work on her abuse
issues, and eventually enter into a positive lesbian relationship.
d. encouraging her client to realize how difficult it is to live in a lesbian relationship.
An argument put forth in favor of legislation to regulate the delivery of mental-health
services is that:
A.professionalism builds up a rigid bureaucracy designed to protect the client.
B.the public is protected by setting minimum standards of service and holding
professionals accountable.
C.there are as many certified charlatans as there are uncertified, competent
practitioners.
D.it contributes to professional specializations that pit one against the other.
Which of the following therapist behaviors might be indicative of a countertransference
reaction?
A.Overprotecting the client
B.Treating the client in benign ways
C.Rejecting a client
D.Seeking the approval of the client
E.All of the choices
To become competent client advocates:
a. counselors need to develop a greater awareness of their own beliefs, attitudes, and
biases as they relate to the impact that social and political factors have on marginalized
and underserved populations.
b. practitioners must serve their clientele at six levels of advocacy intervention.
c. counselors must speak out to empower themselves.
d. all of the above.
Most writers in the chapter on values tend to agree on which following principle?
a. Therapists have the ultimate task of deciding what is best for their clients.
b. Therapists have a role in promoting self-determination as a value for clients.
c. If therapists have value differences with their clients, they should do what they can to
convert their clients toward their own values.
d. Under no circumstances is it appropriate for therapists to disclose their values to their
clients, lest they sway them.
Which of the following is not identified in the text as a guideline for counselors using
the telephone?
a. Do not acknowledge that clients are receiving services.
b. Verify that you are actually talking to the intended person when you make or receive
calls in which confidential information will be discussed.
c. After addressing guideline B and ensuring absolute privacy, counselors may speak to
their clients as freely as they desire without fear that their conversations will be used in
legal proceedings.
d. None of the above
Practitioners who argue against diagnosis:
A.claim that DSM labels stigmatize people.
B.are likely to be psychoanalytically oriented therapists.
C.often work in community mental health centers.
D.are likely to work for a managed care system.
A culturally encapsulated counselor might
a. define reality according to one set of cultural assumptions.
b. show insensitivity to cultural variations among individuals.
c. be trapped in one way of thinking that resists adaptation.
d. all of the above.
_____________________________, which is rooted in a client’s______________, is at
the core of effective therapy.
a. The verbal exchange method; right to express himself or herself
b. Confidentiality; right to privacy
c. Latent material; unconscious
d. Uncovering trauma; repressed memories
School counselors must often function in multiple roles such as counselor, teacher, and
chaperon. This illustrates the concept of
a. role blending
b. over-functioning
c. overachieving
d. role conversion
Researchers point out that there is _________________________relationship between
a practitioner’s personal life and his or her professional behavior.
A.no
B.a negative
C.an inverse
D.often a reciprocal and causal
Direct client services focus on:
a. outreach activities.
b. client advocacy.
c. consultation.
d. influencing policymakers.
In Chapter 6, a six-step ethical practice model for protecting confidentiality rights that
places legal mandates in an ethical context is presented. The six steps include all except
a. Preparation.
b. Tell clients the truth “up front.”
c. Obtain truly informed consent before making a disclosure.
d. Have your attorney respond to legal requests for disclosure.
e. Avoid the “avoidable” breaches of confidentiality.
Two processes that offer safeguards against malpractice liability in suicidal cases are:
A.consultation and documentation.
B.assessment and orientation.
C.individual therapy and group therapy.
D.diagnosis and informed consent.
Patricia, a family therapist, has adopted an egalitarian philosophy to guide her practice.
A Korean couple comes to her to address concerns they have about their teenage
daughter. When asked about their home life, they acknowledge that they hold traditional
roles and values and that the household chores are entirely left to the females in the
family. Patricia should
A.challenge their values immediately since they are probably contributing to the
problems with their daughter.
B.explore with the couple how satisfied they are with the current division of labor.
C.convince the husband to try washing the dishes and cleaning the house.
D.Suggest that the females in the family enroll in an assertiveness training group.
According to CACREP standards, which of the areas stated below is/are typically
required for all students in counseling programs?
a. professional orientation and ethical practice
b. social and cultural diversity
c. human growth and development
d. career development
e. all of the above
____________ is an organized system by which practitioners within a profession assess
one another’s services.
a. Networking
b. Mentoring
c. Monitoring
d. Peer review
Which of the following are considered disadvantages of online counseling?
a. inaccurate diagnosis due to lack of behavioral clues
b. confidentiality cannot be guaranteed
c. anonymity enables minors to masquerade as adults seeking treatment
d. all of the above
e. a and c
___________________ are attempts to change the social environment to meet the needs
of the population as a whole and are carried out by influencing social policy.
a. Direct community services
b. Indirect community services
c. Community organization services
d. Community counseling services
Which of the following is NOT considered an ethical issue related to an ongoing
therapeutic group?
a. the impact of the therapist’s values on the group
b. protecting members from unnecessary risks
c. being alert for symptoms of psychological debilitation in group members
d. maintaining confidentiality
e. making sure the group is homogeneous in population
Jolene tells her counselor that she is depressed about the break-up of her relationship
and “just wishes she could go to sleep and never wake up.” In this case, the counselor
needs to:
a. immediately commit Jolene to a psychiatric facility.
b. assess if Jolene is suicidal and intervene if necessary.
c. recognize that her statement is only a “cry for help” and should not be taken
seriously.
d. see if there is any chance for reconciliation.
According to the authors, what makes us “therapeutic persons”?
a. The willingness to live in accordance with what we teach
b. Completing the coursework in one’s training program
c. Getting 0 hours of supervised clinical experience
d. Both b and c
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding clients’ files?
a. Clients have a legal right to inspect and obtain copies of records kept on their behalf
by professionals.
b. Giving clients access to their files seems to be in conflict with the consumer-rights
movement.
c. In some situations it would not be in the best interests of clients to see the contents of
their records.
d. One way to reduce the growing trend toward malpractice suits and other legal
problems is to allow clients to see their medical records, even while hospitalized.
A theoretical orientation is:
a. a rigid structure that prescribes specific steps of what to do in a counseling situation.
b. a set of general guidelines that counselors can use to make sense of what they are
hearing and what needs to change.
c. an integrative approach to understanding a client’s interpersonal dynamics.
d. based on Freudian principles.
In case you are involved in a malpractice suit, what should you do?
a. Destroy or alter any files that could incriminate you.
b. Discuss the case with as many people as possible to get ideas of what to do next.
c. Seek out the client who is suing you and attempt to change his or her mind.
d. Seek consultation with an attorney.
e. Continue the professional relationship with the client who is suing you, lest you be
charged with abandonment.
When certain actions lead to a progressive deterioration of ethical behavior, one might
be experiencing:
a. the eroded boundary syndrome.
b. the slippery slope phenomenon.
c. a morality lapse.
d. an ethical nosedive.
The process of systemic change can be defined as
A.increasing personal awareness and making better choices for oneself.
B.increasing public awareness, affecting public policy, and influencing legislation.
C.an impossible and futile goal.
D.replacing one system or method with a new and improved system or method, which
is relatively easy to do.
Counseling for social justice requires
A.a master’s degree and preferably a doctoral degree.
B.being a member of an underrepresented group.
C.a paradigm shift.
D.both a and b.