Which of the following is notconsidered an essential skill of an effective culturally
competent counselor?
a. Being able to modify techniques to accommodate cultural differences
b. Being able to send and receive both verbal and nonverbal messages accurately
c. Being able to get clients to intensify their feelings by helping them to vividly
reexperience early childhood events
d. Being willing to seek out educational, consultative, and training experiences to
enhance their ability to work with culturally diverse client populations
Modernists believe in the ability to describe objective reality accurately and assume that
it can be observed and systematically known through the scientific method.
a. True
b. False
Donald Meichenbaum’s cognitive behavior modification shares with REBT and Beck’s
cognitive therapy the assumption that distressing emotions are often the result of
maladaptive thoughts.
a. True
b. False
The function of the reality therapist is to:
a. assist clients in dealing with the present.
b. encourage clients to make a value judgment concerning the quality of their behavior.
c. confront clients about specific irrational thoughts and ideas and to teach them to think
rationally.
d. reindoctrinate clients with the acceptable standards for living.
Progressive muscle relaxation has become increasingly popular as a method of teaching
people to cope with stresses produced by daily living.
a. True
b. False
Being alone is a process by which we do all of the following except:
a. learn to tolerate feelings of isolation.
b. develop strength and self-reliance.
c. develop a deep understanding of ourselves.
d. reject the social overtures of others.
Reality therapy sees transference as a way for the therapist to avoid getting personally
involved in the clients’ lives.
a. True
b. False
A factor that distinguishes the person-centered approach to group counseling from other
approaches is the:
a. therapist’s role as facilitator.
b. length of treatment.
c. focus on creating a collaborative spirit.
d. focus on building genuine relationships among members.
Which of the following is notan issue that Stan struggles with?
a. Fear of being alone
b. Fear of intimate relationships with women
c. Substance use
d. Aggressive outbursts
B. F. Skinner is associated with which of the following trends in the behavioral
approach?
a. Classical conditioning
b. Operant conditioning
c. Multimodal therapy
d. Dialectical behavior therapy
The existential approach is particularly well-suited to clients who:
a. are dealing with grief and loss.
b. are victims of oppression.
c. have limited intellectual capacities.
d. suffer from severe mental illness.
Therapists need to be free of conflicts before they can counsel others.
a. True
b. False
A tool for collecting and organizing key relationships in a three-generational extended
family is a:
a. lifestyle assessment.
b. family sketch.
c. genogram.
d. projective test.
__________involves blurring the differentiation between the self and the environment.
a. Confluence
b. Deflection
c. Retroflection
d. Projection
An integrative approach to the practice of family therapy includes guiding principles
that help the therapist organize all of the following, except:
a. goals.
b. interactions.
c. observations.
d. medications.
In the assessment process, questions a family therapist might ask include all of the
following, except:
a. What does each family member bring to the session?
b. How can I give voice to my own impulses and fantasies?
c. Who makes decisions? How are conflicts resolved or problems handled?
d. Are the parents effective leaders of the family, and is the process of leadership
balanced or imbalanced?
A common theme originating in Carl Rogers’s early writings and continuing to
permeate all of his works is:
a. the need to find meaning in life through love, work, or suffering.
b. the need for a religion to find meaning in life.
c. the importance of expressing feelings that stem from childhood issues.
d. a basic sense of trust in the client’s ability to move forward in a constructive manner
if conditions fostering growth are present.
For Adlerian counselors, techniques are helpful when adapted to the needs of the client.
a. True
b. False
Social constructionism explains how values are transmitted through language by the
social milieu and suggests that individuals are constantly changing with the ebb and
flow of the influences of all of the following except:
a. family.
b. culture.
c. behavior.
d. society.
Presenting one model to which all trainees subscribe is:
a. what the counseling profession endorses at present.
b. likely to be a reality by the year 2020 when the CACREP standards are revisited.
c. dangerous in that it can limit their effectiveness in working with a diverse range of
future clients.
d. illegal in the Northeastern region of the U.S., but not in other parts of the country.
One of the major goals of reality therapy involves:
a. reconstructing the basic personality.
b. identifying factors that block freedom.
c. encouraging clients to be willing to be a process.
d. helping people become more effective in meeting all of their psychological needs.
___________is an efficacious approach to helping people who experience
psychological distress improve their functioning.
a. Psychotherapy
b. Treatment
c. Intervention
d. Techniques
Gestalt techniques can be considered experiments.
a. True
b. False
In regards to brief therapy, the average length of therapy is_____________with the
most common length being only one session.
a. one to two months of sessions
b. two to three weeks
c. one to three sessions
d. three to eight sessions
Cognitive behavioral group therapy stresses the importance of homework outside of the
therapy session.
a. True
b. False
Adler taught that we must successfully master three universal life tasks. Which of the
following is not one of these tasks?
a. Building friendships
b. Establishing intimacy
c. Contributing to society
d. Enhancing wellness
The third generation (or “third wave”) of behavior therapy emphasizes considerations
that were considered off limits for behavior therapists until recently.
a. True
b. False
A person who is suffering from feelings of alienation and isolation has probably failed
to achieve a sense of_________during the________ stage of development.
a. identity; adolescence
b. trust; infancy
c. generativity; middle age
d. intimacy; young adulthood
Therapy is viewed as a _____________in the sense that the interpersonal and
existential problems of the client will become apparent in the here and now of the
therapy relationship.
a. social microcosm
b. “touchy feely” encounter
c. living laboratory
d. tension-filled encounter
A primary goal of contemporary reality therapy is to:
a. help clients become more voluntarily acceptable.
b. supply the basic human needs.
c. help clients get connected or reconnected with the people they have chosen to put in
their quality world.
d. create goals.
With regard to the role of counselors’ personal values in therapy, it is appropriate for
counselors to:
a. teach and persuade clients to act the right way.
b. maintain an indifferent, neutral, and passive role by simply listening to everything the
client reports.
c. avoid challenging the values of clients.
d. avoid imposing their values through a process of bracketing.
A trend in contemporary behavior therapy is the increased emphasis on the role of
thinking in behavior.
a. True
b. False