1) match the term with its description:
a. threshold
b. effector
c. integrating center
d. setpoint
e. sensory receptor
the minimum stimulus to trigger a response
2) ten-year-old tina falls while climbing a tree and lands on her back. her frightened
parents take her to the local emergency room where she is examined. her knee jerk
reflex is normal and she exhibits a negative babinski reflex. these results suggest that
a) tina has injured one of her descending nerve tracts.
b) tina has injured one of her ascending nerve tracts.
c) tina has a spinal injury in the lumbar region.
d) tina has a spinal injury in the cervical region.
e) tina suffered no damage to her spinal cord.
3) each of the following statements concerning mitochondria is true except one. identify
the exception.
a) the mitochondrial cristae increase the inner surface area of the organelle.
b) the matrix of the mitochondria contains metabolic enzymes involved in energy
production.
c) respiratory enzymes are attached to the surface of the cristae.
d) the mitochondria contain no dna or rna.
e) the mitochondria produce most of a cell’s atp.
4) using the appropriate equations, predict the effects in each scenario.
a.vessels x and y have the same diameter. x is 5 cm long and y is 10 cm long. which has
the faster velocity of flow for the same fluid?
b.a blood vessel has a radius of 4 cm. vasoconstriction reduces the radius to 1 cm. in
order to maintain the same flow, by what factor must pressure increase?
c.the blood vessel in b above dilates from 1 cm to 4 cm. does the flow rate increase or
decrease?
d.a new subdivision is built between your house and the water storage tower. if the
water company makes no adjustments, will the water pressure at your house change? if
so, in which direction? why?
5) fick’s law of diffusion states that the rate of diffusion across a membrane is
a) proportional to surface area and membrane thickness, but inversely proportional to
concentration gradient.
b) proportional to concentration gradient, surface area, and membrane permeability.
c) proportional to membrane permeability, but inversely proportional to concentration
gradient and surface area.
d) proportional to membrane thickness and surface area.
6) the swallowing center in the brain, which coordinates the muscular reflexes, is
located in the
a) cerebrum.
b) medulla oblongata.
c) pons.
d) cerebellum.
e) hypothalamus.
7) match each substance with its primary mode of transport across the kidney
epithelium.
a. transcytosis
b. active transport
c. symport with a cation
d. passive reabsorption/diffusion
sodium
8) the action potential in a cardiac contractile cell causes
a) opening of l-type calcium channels.
b) opening of ryanodine receptor calcium channels.
c) activation of sodium-potassium atpase.
d) activation of ncx transporters.
e) opening of hcn channels.
9) classify each scenario below as to primarily which type of work is being done.
a. chemical work
b. transport work
c. mechanical work
working on a dock, loading and unloading boxes into trucks all day
10) in order for the bicep muscle to shorten, the force applied by the muscle must be
________ the load applied at the hand.
a) greater than
b) less than
c) equal to
11) cells normally regulate the rate of an enzymatic reaction by
a) raising their temperature to 110 f.
b) changing the concentration of an enzyme.
c) increasing reaction rate as the concentration of product increases.
d) allowing all metabolic enzymes to be found throughout the cytoplasm.
12) match the change in gas composition with the response (disregard weak responses).
a. po2 increases.
b. pco2 increases.
c. po2 decreases.
d. pco2 decreases.
bronchioles and systemic arterioles constrict.
13) only free h+ contributes to the hydrogen ion concentration.
a) true
b) false
14) match these terms with their descriptions.
a. gray matter
b. white matter
c. ascending tracts
d. descending tracts
e. propriospinal tracts
tracts of axons that transfer information to and from the brain
15) an obstruction in a glomerulus would affect the flow of blood into the
a) renal artery.
b) efferent arteriole.
c) afferent arteriole.
d) renal vein.
16) match these brain areas with their descriptions.
a. cerebellum
b. hypothalamus
c. thalamus
d. cerebrum
playing key roles in homeostasis, an area that contains centers for hunger and thirst, as
well as controlling the autonomic nervous systems
17) ________ are lipoproteins that are formed in the intestine to carry lipids into
circulation.
18) compare and contrast schwann cells and oligodendrocytes.
19) explain the five rules for diffusion and the two rules for simple diffusion across a
membrane.
20) the term for any hormone that controls the secretion of another hormone is a
________.
21) structures composed of epithelial cells that produce secretions are called ________.