1) evidence that humans have a set-point for weight is reflected in the fact that:
a.when prisoners were fed large amounts of food they gained less weight than they
should have and returned to their normal weight when they resumed a regular diet
b.when people diet frequently, they wind up gaining more weight than those who do not
c.studies of semistarvation have shown that long-term reduction in food intake causes
people to lose interest in food and eating
d.as less food is consumed, the bodys ability to use the energy contained in the food is
reduced
2) the neural structure responsible for releasing dopamine in response to reinforcement
is the:
a.nucleus accumbens
b.insula
c.raphe system
d.orbitofrontal cortex
3) inga is running for president of the student body of her university. the night before
the election, she and her opponent have a debate in front of thousands of people. in
reviewing the tape of the debate, inga is most likely to attribute her own errors to _____
and to attribute her opponents errors to _____.
a.poor debating skills; insufficient desire for the office
b.lack of preparation; biased questions from the panel
c.confusing questions from the panel; his lack of preparation
d.insufficient desire for the office; poor debating skills
4) jody has a great memory for things that she did during kindergarten and first grade,
but cannot remember any details from earlier in her life. this difference is most likely
due to:
a.false memories implanted by a therapist
b.the fact that accurate memory becomes possible after the first year of life
c.the development of language skills
d.the fact that children cannot accurately process concepts until they begin to walk
5) angelique and patrice are both in seventh grade. angelique has high self-esteem, and
patrice has low self-esteem. which person is more likely to perceive herself as obese, if
either, and why?
a.angelique, because girls with high self-esteem tend to underestimate the health risks
of many behaviors
b.patrice, because girls with low self-esteem tend to underestimate the health risks of
many behaviors
c.neither is more likely to become obese
d.patrice, but the reasons for the relationship are unclear
6) how do the light waves reflected by a blue object differ from those reflected by a red
object?
a.the blue object reflects longer wavelength light.
b.the blue object reflects shorter wavelength light.
c.the blue object reflects higher amplitude light.
d.the blue object reflects lower amplitude light.
7) shana wants to establish an exercise routine. since she really does not like to
exercise, she decides to reward herself. if she goes to the gym every day for two weeks,
she will buy herself a new pair of shoes. shanas behavior is being motivated by a(n):
a.need
b.habit
c.incentive
d.goal
8) electroconvulsive therapy is sometimes used to treat depression in pregnant women.
this application makes sense because:
a.it has been demonstrated to prevent depression in the baby as well
b.it does not harm the fetus, whereas drug interventions might
c.it works quickly and prevents the fetus from being damaged by the womans continued
depression
d.the use of electroconvulsive therapy is never justified with pregnant women.
9) an evolutionary explanation of mate preferences might suggest that women seek men
with high status because:
a.they confer the prestige of their status on their partners
b.they have more resources with which to support their families
c.their high status implies good genetic potential for intelligence
d.their high status implies good adaptive skills
10) lucia won the bronze medal in gymnastics. what might you expect her to say to
reporters after the ceremony about her feelings?
a.if only i had. . . .
b.things might have been different if. . . .
c.i cant stop thinking about how close i came. . . .
d.i am glad that at least i won a medal. . . .
11) psychoanalysis is a type of psychological treatment developed by _____, a viennese
neurologist.
a.wilhelm wundt
b.sigmund freud
c.wolfgang khler
d.edward titchener
12) taj wants to create a robot that has sensation but not perception. the robot should:
a.react to light but not to the stimuli for taste, smell, or touch
b.detect external energy sources but not interpret them
c.understand what things are but be unable to respond to them
d.construct useful information but be unable to remember it
13) which hemisphere controls speech?
a.left
b.right
c.occipital
d.parietal
14) reversible figures occur because:
a.gestalt laws do not apply to them
b.the figures contain internally contradictory cues
c.there is not enough information to segment figure and ground clearly
d.different cognitive interpretations are given the sensory information
15) one of the most effective treatments for panic disorder is _____ because it helps
people _____.
a.cognitive therapy; correct their overestimation of the danger involved in a panic attack
b.rational-emotive therapy; challenge their sense of low self-control
c.transcranial magnetic stimulation; pair panic experiences with relaxation
d.shock therapy; compare their own mildly distressing symptoms to strong and
persistent physical discomfort
16) margarita is a brilliant student. the men she has dated in the past have had trouble
dealing with her academic success. margarita just won a full scholarship for her last two
years of college. she is going to tell her current boyfriend at dinner, and she feels
nauseated every time she thinks about it. margaritas reaction can easily be explained by:
a.somatic marker theory
b.affect-as-information theory
c.the dominance of emotions over cognition
d.conflict between her desire to take the scholarship and to please her boyfriend