1) which statements apply to the parasympathetic division of the nervous system?
a) it is dominant during “resting and digesting.”
b) its ganglia are nearby, on or near their target organs.
c) epinephrine is the primary neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic division.
d) it is dominant during “resting and digesting” and its ganglia are nearby, on or near
their target organs.
e) all of the statements apply.
2) match each term to its definition.
a. anabolism
b. biochemical pathway
c. catabolism
reactions that result in the synthesis of large molecules
3) contraction of the ________ alters the shape of the intestinal lumen and moves
epithelial pleats and folds.
a) mucosa
b) submucosa
c) submucosal plexus
d) muscularis mucosa
e) adventitia
4) identify the false statement.
a) epsps that reach threshold can initiate an action potential.
b) the trigger zone is the integrating center of the neuron.
c) ipsps depolarize the membrane.
d) all of the statements are true.
5) the first multicellular animals to develop neurons were
a) jellyfish and sea anemones.
b) flatworms and sea urchins.
c) segmented worms and sea horses.
d) mollusks and sea stars.
e) fish and sea monkeys.
6) the action of a hormone on a target cell involves effects on
a) receptor proteins.
b) nonreceptor proteins.
c) lipids.
d) receptor and nonreceptor proteins.
e) receptor proteins and lipids.
7) place these terms in the typical sequence in which they appear in the scientific
process: experimental data, theory, model, observation, hypothesis, replication.
a) experimental data, theory, model, observation, hypothesis, replication
b) replication, hypothesis, experimental data, theory, model, observation
c) theory, observation, experimental data, hypothesis, replication, model
d) observation, replication, model, experimental data, hypothesis, theory
e) observation, hypothesis, experimental data, replication, model, theory
8) for astronauts in space, the otoliths in the macula would respond to
a) head position only.
b) linear acceleration only.
c) rotational acceleration only.
d) linear acceleration and head position.
9) stanley miller set out to demonstrate an explanation for the origins of organic
molecules using a combination of simple organic molecules, heat and periodic burst of
electricity through the mixture, ultimately producing what kind of molecules?
a) carbohydrates
b) amino acids
c) lipids
d) glycoproteins
e) nucleic acids
10) ion channel inactivation is
a) closing of the channel in response to decrease in the stimulus.
b) closing of the channel even when the stimulus continues.
c) any type of channel closing.
d) none of the answers are correct.
11) the advantage of anaerobic metabolism is
a) high yield of atp.
b) rapid atp production.
c) fewer pesky by-products.
d) greater use of fat stores.
e) greater endurance.
12) for the structures listed below, choose one of the following:
a. structure is composed of gray matter
b. structure is composed of white matter
cerebral cortex
13) the five functional types of epithelia are listed below. match each type with its
location and/or description.
a. exchange
b. transport
c. ciliated
d. protective
e. secretory
this tissue is composed of cells with membrane extensions that beat in a coordinated
fashion to move fluid and particles across the tissue.
14) match the answers to the questions.
a. true only for the sympathetic division
b. true only for the parasympathetic division
c. true for both divisions
the neural pathway from the spinal cord to the target tissue has two neurons, the
preganglionic neuron and the postganglionic neuron.
15) tonic receptors
a) are quick to adapt to a particular stimulus intensity.
b) slowly decrease the frequency of action potentials generated to a constant stimulus.
c) are attune to changes in a parameter, not the extent of that change.
d) will always decrease to the point where no action potentials are generated.
16) explain the kiss-and-run model of synaptic vesicle exocytosis, and how it differs
from the classic model.
17) the chambers of the heart that pump blood into the arteries are the ________.
18) ________ is the extracellular component of connective tissues.
19) the blood-brain barrier protects the brain from harmful substances in the blood, but
it also protects the brain from potentially therapeutic chemicals that may reduce the size
of brain tumors by killing cancer cells, alleviate depression, and aid in patient recovery
from stroke or spinal cord injury. two methods are currently being rigorously researched
to get these helpful chemicals past the blood-brain barrier. the two methods are termed
“molecular trojan horse” and osmotic “blood-brain barrier disruption.” based on their
names, hypothesize how these methods might allow chemicals to pass through the
blood-brain barrier.
20) in some cultures, infant boys are circumcised. explain what circumcision is and why
there is support for as well as opposition to the procedure.