The radical behaviorists addressed the mind-body problem by:
A. denying the existence of a causal mind
B. changing the issue to a mind-brain problem
C. accepting epiphenomenalism
D. accepting interactionism
According to Bacon, the personal biases that result from one’s own experiences and
education constitutes the:
A. idols of the cave
B. idols of the tribe
C. idols of the marketplace
D. idols of the theatre
The position on the mind-body question claiming that mental and bodily events are
coordinated through God’s intervention is called:
a. interactionism
b. interventionism
c. epiphenomenalism
d. occasionalism
After World War II, the dominant type of psychotherapy was:
A. psychoanalysis
B. client-centered therapy
C. humanistic therapy
D. cognitive-behavioral therapy
According to Bernard, Spinoza’s belief in ____ did much to influence the development
of scientific psychology.
A. panpsychism
B. pantheism
C. psychic determinism
D. self-preservation
Whose concentration on the overt behavior of organisms was more relevant to U.S.
behaviorism that was Pavlov’s research on secretion?
A. Watson
B. Sechenov
C. Bechterev
D. McDougall
The prediction and control of events can best be accomplished using:
a. scientific law
b. a group of interrelated scientific laws
c. correlational propositions
d. causal laws
According to the author of your text, contemporary psychology is:
a. a preparadigmatic discipline
b. a multiparadigmatic science
c. in the revolutionary stage of development
d. a single paradigmatic science
According to May, ____ is at the heart of many myths and of most great art and
literature.
A. the tension between free will and determinism
B. the tension between individual and group needs
C. the daimonic
D. religion
According to Bacon, the biases that result from being overly influenced by the
traditional meanings of words constitutes the:
A. idols of the cave
B. idols of the tribe
C. idols of the marketplace
D. idols of the theater
Wertheimer was influenced by and took several courses from which of the following
men?
A. Mach
B. Ehrenfels
C. Wundt
D. Stumpf
To study mental acts and intentionality, Brentano used:
A. the principle of contrasts
B. pure phenomenology
C. phenomenological methods
D. the Clever Hans phenomena
Who discovered that the retina, not the lens, is the light sensitive part of the eye and that
inoculation might prevent disease?
A. Avicenna
B. Averros
C. Maimonides
D. St. Anselm
Who published the article, “Perception: An Introduction to Gestalt-Theorie,” which led
to many believing that Gestalt psychology was only about perception?
A. Wertheimer
B. Koffka
C. Mach
D. Khler
Who believed that so-called universals were nothing more than convenient verbal
labels?
A. nominalists
B. realists
C. rationalists
D. nativists
According to Plato, the components of the soul are:
A. really the same
B. typically in harmony with one another
C. often in conflict with one another
D. subservient to the bodily needs
According to Woodworth, an organism will act differently in the same physical
environment depending on what:
A. stimuli it attends to
B. other organisms are present
C. need or drive is present
D. innate ideas are activated
Who developed a cognitive development theory and is considered an even more prolific
writer than Wundt?
A. Bartlett
B. Ebbinghaus
C. Piaget
D. Wiener
Which of the following is true of Galton’s “anthropometric laboratory”?
A. In order to collect sufficient data, he paid participants to participate.
B. He used extensive written tests similar to what would become Binet’s intelligence
test.
C. He studied male-female differences as well as the relationships among measures.
D. He refused to provide individuals with their own test results for fear they would be
discouraged or upset.
According to Bacon, the human tendency to see events as they would like them to be
constitutes the:
A. idols of the cave
B. idols of the tribe
C. idols of the marketplace
D. idols of the theater
The “phi phenomenon” investigated by Wertheimer was the observation of:
A. simultaneous sounds as one
B. different colors when observing a spinning series of lines
C. apparent movement
D. flashing lights as one light
Descartes explained all animal behavior and much human behavior in terms of ____
principles.
A. innate
B. mechanical
C. religious
D. rational
James Mill maintained that any mental experience can be reduced to:
A. primary qualities
B. neural mechanisms
C. vibratiuncles
D. simple ideas
Within psychology in the U.S., interests in individual differences and ____ have always
been closely related.
A. sensation and perception
B. evolutionary psychology
C. applied psychology
D. cognitive psychology
Why were the Greek nobility more likely to follow the Olympian religion rather than
the Dionysiac-Orphic religion?
A. Belief in the transmigration of the soul
B. The personification of orderliness, rationality, and intelligence in the Olympian gods
C. Desire to hold onto past lives even after death
D. Fear of condemnation for living an extravagant lifestyle
According to St. Augustine, evil exists because:
A. God created it to test the faith of humans
B. humans chose it
C. at times the devil is more powerful than God
D. humans are basically animals
Which of the following is correctly associated with Hollingworth?
A. She found that women are seriously psychologically impaired during menstruation
B. She believed that children with intellectual disabilities should be excluded from
school.
C. She made significant contributions toward the understanding and education of
intellectually gifted children
D. She believed that women were less intelligent than men.
The ____ believes that “truth” is always determined by cultural, group, or personal
perspectives.
A. modernist
B. neo-behaviorist
C. postmodernist
D. rationalist
The information-processing psychologist uses ____ as his or her model while studying
humans.
A. non-human animals
B. the computer
C. Newtonian physics
D. evolutionary theory
La Mettrie believed that:
A. humans are morally superior to nonhuman animals
B. religion has done much to improve the human condition
C. atheism has done much to worsen the human condition
D. accepting atheism and materialism will lead to a more humane world
The book, Emile, was written about education in the form of a novel. Who was the
author?
A. Schopenhauer
B. Kierkegaard
C. Nietzsche
D. Rousseau