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What condition is caused by large amounts of nitrogen dissolving into the blood due to
hyperbaric conditions?
A.nitrogen narcosis
B.oxygen toxicity
C.decompression sickness
D.emphysema
_________ filaments are attached to dense bodies in smooth muscle cells.
A.Actin
B.Myosin
C.Troponin
D.Tropomyosin
Reactant molecules of enzyme action are called
A.substrates.
B.allosteric inhibitors.
C.cofactors.
D.products.
Anabolic reactions do NOT
A.utilize energy.
B.synthesize molecules within cells.
C.store energy.
D.release energy.
Which of the following statements about prostaglandins is true?
A.Prostaglandin synthesis is blocked by the actions of caffeine.
B.Prostaglandins inhibit inflammation.
C.Prostaglandins may contribute to asthma.
D.Thromboxane A2 induces vasodilation.
Which of the following organs is dually innervated?
A.adrenal medulla
B.arrector pili muscles in the skin
C.urinary bladder
D.most blood vessels
Which of the following is NOT a caloric energy expenditure of the body?
A.BMI
B.physical activity
C.BMR
D.adaptive thermogenesis
What substance can act as a retrograde messenger to suppress release of GABA to
contribute to LTP?
A. acetylcholine
B. endocannabinoid
C. carbon monoxide
D. norepinephrine
A reducing agent
A.donates protons to an atom or molecule.
B.donates electrons to an atom or molecule.
C.accepts protons from an atom or molecule.
D.accepts electrons from an atom or molecule.
E.Both donates electrons and donates protons are correct.
The enzyme with the most basic pH optimum is
A.pancreatic lipase.
B.pepsin.
C.maltase.
D.salivary amylase.
Hemorrhage would induce
A.increased renin secretion.
B.increased atrial natriuretic peptide secretion.
C.decreased ADH secretion.
D.All of the choices are correct.
The action potential of cardiac pacemaker cells is caused by
A.inward diffusion of Na+.
B.inward diffusion of Ca2+.
C.inward diffusion of K+.
D.outward diffusion of K+.
The __________ is the functional unit of the kidney.
A.calyx
B.nephron
C.neuron
D.medulla
_____________ may induce excess nitric oxide production in macrophages which
could lead to the hypotension characteristic of septic shock.
A.Exotoxin
B.Interferon
C.Endotoxin
D.Complement
Secondary active transport
A. utilizes energy directly.
B. often utilizes symport proteins.
C. always uses the influx of sodium ions.
D. is only important in the kidney.
Where do autonomic postganglionic neurons originate?
A. hindbrain
B. gray matter of spinal cord
C. peripheral ganglia
D. All apply.
Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium associated with
A.peptic ulcers.
B.hiatal hernia.
C.acid reflux.
D.pancreatitis.
Since the intracellular and extracellular compartments consist primarily of water, they
are said to be
A. hydrophobic.
B. colloids.
C. aqueous.
D. blood.
The most common cause of female pseudohermaphroditism is congenital adrenal
hyperplasia.
The referred pain indicative of myocardial ischemia is known as bradycardia.
What system helps to integrate innate and adaptive immune responses?
A.PAMPs
B.cytokines
C.complement
D.interferon
A deficiency of ______________ would limit production of coenzyme A.
A.pantothenic acid
B.linoleic acid
C.folic acid
D.thiamine
What hormone stimulates the process of erythropoiesis?
A.multipotent growth factor-1
B.interleukin-1
C.erythropoietin
D.GM-CSF
Brain metabolism may be best studied by
A.electroencephalography.
B.computed tomography.
C.magnetic resonance imaging.
D.positron-emission tomography.
What type of receptors in the wall of the larynx, along with rapidly adapting receptors
in the lungs, cause a person to cough in response to components of smoke and smog?
A.aortic bodies
B.pulmonary stretch receptors
C.medullary chemoreceptors
D.irritant receptors
A defect in the enzyme which converts phenylalanine into tyrosine is characteristic of
the disease
A.phenylketonuria.
B.albinism.
C.lactose intolerance.
D.maple-syrup disease.
Bile pigment is a derivative of
A.heme group without iron
B.iron
C.globin part of hemoglobin
D.cholesterol
Immediate hypersensitivity is mediated by ________, while delayed hypersensitivity is
mediated by ___________.
A.T lymphocytes, antibodies
B.histamine, leukotrienes
C.antibodies, T lymphocytes
D.histamine, haptens
Luteal regression may be inhibited by
A.inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins.
B.stimulating the synthesis of progesterone.
C.stimulating the synthesis of LH.
D.inhibiting the synthesis of FSH.
Hormones which enhance the responsiveness of a target organ to a second hormone
have
A.complementary effects.
B.synergistic effects.
C.antagonistic effects.
D.permissive effects.
The clonal selection of B lymphocytes
A.occurs due to the previous response of an individual to an antigen.
B.results in the development of plasma and memory cells.
C.results in an attenuated response the second time an individual is exposed to the
antigen.
D.All of the choices are correct.
Somatic motor neurons have a direct connection between the CNS and their effector
organs while ______________ motor neurons must synapse on with a peripheral
neuron before reaching their effectors.
A.skeletal
B.sensory
C.autonomic
D.Both skeletal and autonomic are correct.
