1) people often maintain stereotypes about groups even after they have met individuals
who contradict the stereotype. given the phenomenon of memory bias, what might one
reason be that a stereotype does not change with new information?
a.the memory for the individual shifts in the direction of the stereotype.
b.memories of the individual are incorrectly combined into new ones.
c.other people with similar beliefs give false interpretations of the individual.
d.the person does not recognize the beliefs to be a stereotype.
2) a space-time irregularity catapults four early psychologists to this years apa
conference. while freud seeks a conduit back to 1900, james, titchener, and watson
discuss the conferences proceedings thus far. recall the discussion of historical
perspectives in psychology from chapter 1 in your text. which of the three psychologists
would be comfortable with the current focus on consciousness in psychology?
a.james
b.titchener
c.watson
d.both a and b
3) how do neurons communicate?
a.terminal buttons plug into receptor sites on adjacent dendrites.
b.neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind with receptors on the postsynaptic
dendrite.
c.electric signals jump across the synapse to the adjacent neuron.
d.chemicals released into the synapse are converted to neurotransmitters that bind with
receptors.
4) people, even from the same family, vary in intelligence. this variation suggests that
intelligence is:
a.controlled by a single gene
b.a function of personality
c.genetically determined
d.polygenic
5) the fact that oxytocin is a more prevalent hormone in womens stress response
provides evidence for the:
a.finding that testosterone is a relatively unimportant hormone in stress responses
b.tend-and-befriend hypothesis
c.conclusion that women do not engage in the fight-or-flight response
d.importance of excluding women from stress research studies
6) which of the following sampling techniques gives each member of the population an
equal and independent chance of being selected to participate?
a.random sampling
b.convenience sampling
c.random assignment
d.selection bias
7) given an ambiguous ethical dilemma, a particular child is able to conform to the rules
of law and order and focuses on others disapproval of the behavior, but is unable to use
abstract reasoning to determine whether the behavior is right or wrong. according to
kohlbergs stage theory, in which stage is this child most likely functioning?
a.preconventional
b.conventional
c.concrete operations
d.postconventional
8) according to research on physiological arousal and personality, which brain structure
has been associated with inhibiting behavior?
a.cerebellum
b.amygdala
c.temporal lobes
d.hippocampus
9) very few synaptic connections between neurons will be made in the brain if:
a.myelination has not occurred
b.the child is not adequately stimulated
c.the child is in the preoperational stage
d.all teratogens have been avoided
10) what is a conditioned response?
a.an innate response
b.a response that has been learned
c.an automatic response
d.a reflex
11) in a song from the musical the king and i, the lead character sings about whistling
when she feels afraid, to hide her fear, and finally losing her fear. the notion that acting
as though you are not afraid keeps you from feeling afraid is compatible with which
theory of emotion?
a.cannon-bard
b.james-lange
c.two-factor
d.cerebral symmetry
12) shahar really wanted to go to a concert. however, her mom said shahar could not go,
because she was very irresponsible about doing her chores. shahar thought about
climbing out the window and going to the concert anyway, but she decided her mom
would be very upset. instead, shahar suggested to her mom that if she completed all her
chores, the next time the band played in her town, her mom should let her go. her mom
agreed that shahars proposal was fair. shahar had used her _____ to develop a
reasonable solution.
a.id
b.ego
c.superego
d.life instinct
13) the expectation that a minister will give a sermon in church, whereas a professor
will give a lecture in class, comes from this property of schemas:
a.categories contain exemplars
b.concepts contain prototypes
c.common situations have consistent attributes
d.people have specific roles within situational contexts