John is seeking counseling through his managed care provider and he needs to be
informed that:
a. the managed care company may request the entire clinical record of a client.
b. he has the right to expect unlimited sessions.
c. his insurance provider will not have access to his records.
d. no referrals will be made upon termination of therapy.
Counselors can encourage ethnic minority clients to learn skills they can use to interact
successfully with various forces in their community by acting as their
A.advocate.
B.broker.
C.adviser.
D.consultant.
A formal complaint was filed against Harry for sexually harassing a female client. A
repeat offender, he was previously warned that a major sanction would be imposed if he
continued his unethical actions. The ethics committee of the professional association to
which he belongs recommended that Harry:
A.be on probation during his entire career.
B.resign from his job.
C.work without supervision on his word that he will not harass any client again.
D.be expelled from the organization.
Which of the following would least likely be a part of the content of the informed
consent document?
a. background of the therapist
b. testimonials from prior clients
c. the length of therapy and termination
d. the fact that consultation may occur with colleagues
e. interruptions in therapy
All of the following are ways in which supervisors can promote the personal and
professional development of their supervisees except for:
A.negotiating mutual decisions, rather than making unilateral decisions, about the needs
of the trainee.
B.performing the role of teacher, counselor, or consultant when needed.
C.avoiding an evaluative role, lest the supervisee feel judged and develop performance
anxiety.
D.assisting supervisees in recognizing their personal limitations so as to protect the
welfare of the clients.
Practitioners who argue against diagnosis:
a. claim that DSM labels stigmatize people.
b. are likely to be psychoanalytically oriented therapists.
c. often work in community mental health centers.
d. are likely to work for a managed care system.
_______________________________ is a three-stage developmental sequence, from
multicultural awareness to knowledge and comprehension to skills and applications.
a. Culture-centered counseling
b. Multicultural counseling
c. Cultural immersion
d. Diversity-sensitive counseling
Those who are responsible for educating and training mental health professionals are
ethically and professionally obligated to
A.focus exclusively on mentoring trainees.
B.Invest all of their efforts into mentoring trainees as well as being advocates for them
and their clients.
C.balance their roles as advocate and mentor of trainees with their gatekeeping role.
D.focus exclusively on their gatekeeping responsibilities.
The authors believe that the most important element in the supervisory process is the
supervisor’s ability to:
a. teach methods and techniques that are up-to-date.
b. establish an effective collaborative working relationship with supervisees.
c. use a directive style of supervision.
d. be an effective therapist for his or her trainees.
Boundary management is:
A.not an issue in sparsely populated areas.
B.less challenging in rural areas than in urban areas.
C.equally as challenging in rural and urban areas.
D.more challenging in rural areas than in urban areas.
Cathy is an eating disorders specialist who has a past history of bulimia. Given her
personal experiences with dysfunctional eating patterns, Cathy
A.can draw upon her life experiences in her work as a counselor.
B.should abandon her specialization and choose a new area to specialize in so as to
practice ethically.
C.should assume that her clients developed their dysfunctional eating patterns for the
same reasons that she developed bulimia.
D.should be very open with her clients about her struggles with bulimia and tell them
her own stories to make them feel more comfortable.
When contemplating whether or not to refer a client, helping professionals should keep
which of the following points in mind?
a. It can be very burdensome to clients to be saddled with their therapist’s disclosure of
not being able to get beyond value differences.
b. Disagreeing with a client or not liking what a client is proposing to do is ethical
grounds for a referral.
c. Counseling entails working with clients within the framework of the counselor’s
value system; thus, clients whose values differ from their counselor’s values need to
take the initiative to ask for a referral.
d. The authors believe that referrals are not made often enough.
Many professionals struggle with the issue of how to work within a system while
retaining their dignity, vitality, and convictions. The most important component in any
effort to bring about change is to:
A.engage in honest self-examination to determine the degree to which the ‘system” is
actually hindering them.
B.start the process of changing the system by speaking to the director of the
organization.
C.make assumptions about the reasons for the problems in the organization.
D.scold those who appear to be at the root of the problem.
The authors state that in many ways, therapeutic encounters serve as mirrors in which
therapists can see their own lives reflected. As a consequence,
a. therapy can become a catalyst for change in the therapist as well as in the client.
b. many therapists become narcissistic.
c. therapists tend to commit ethical violations stemming from blurred boundaries.
d. All therapists are required to participate in their own therapy.
Which of the following is not a sign of therapist decay?
a. An absence of boundaries with clients
b. Accepting clients within one’s scope of competence
c. Living in isolated ways
d. Being unwilling to seek professional help when experiencing personal distress
e. None of the above
Countertransference becomes an ethical issue when the:
a. client’s needs assume priority over the therapist’s needs.
b. counselor’s unresolved conflicts get in the way of effective therapy.
c. client uses session time to work through his or her problems.
d. client puts all the blame for his or her difficulties on the therapist.
Marty is counseling with an Asian client who recently returned from a trip to Japan to
visit relatives. His client wants to give him an inexpensive souvenir. It is important for
Marty to:
a. refuse the gift on ethical grounds.
b. explain that the gift would change their relationship and create a conflict of interest.
c. be aware that accepting the gift may be culturally appropriate with this client.
d. explain that he cannot accept the gift until the counseling relationship is over.
Miguel has been providing couples counseling to Saundra and Steven for a couple of
years and was recently invited to attend their 20th wedding anniversary party. Attending
this event is an example of
a. a boundary violation
b. a potentially beneficial non-professional interaction
c. an unprofessional interaction
d. lapse of judgment
_____________________ is a legal concept that generally bars the disclosure of
confidential communications in a legal proceeding.
a. Confidentiality.
b. Privileged communication.
c. Privacy.
d. Informed consent.
Research has provided evidence that therapists’ values influence
a. every phase of psychotherapy.
b. every phase of psychotherapy except for termination.
c. only the initial phase of psychotherapy.
d. no phase of psychotherapy if it is conducted properly.
Which of the following is NOT considered to be one of the characteristics of diversity
sensitive group work?
a. Group counselors respect members’ religious and spiritual beliefs and values.
b. Group counselors respect the roles of family and community hierarchies within a
client’s culture.
c. Group counselors treat all members the same.
d. Group counselors acquire the knowledge and skills necessary for working with
diverse clients.
If tape recording or videotaping of sessions is done, ethical practice dictates that;
a. clients have a right to be informed about this procedure at the initial session.
b. clients understand why and how these recordings will be used.
c. secret recordings will not be made.
d. clients have a right to be informed about who will have access to the tapes.
e. all of the above.
The duty to warn not only the potential victim, but also anyone who might be near the
intended victim, and who might also be in danger, was affirmed by the:
a. Tarasoff case.
b. Bradley case.
c. Jablonski case.
d. Hedlund case.
e. Jaffee case.
To qualify as a substance abuse counselor, the CACREP (9) standards identify specific
knowledge, skills, and practices in all of the following areas except
a. foundations.
b. counseling, prevention, and intervention.
c. diversity and advocacy.
d. research and evaluation.
e. none of the above.
Which one of the following is not considered a guideline to minimizing the likelihood
of sexual transgressions by clinicians?
A.Seeking professional support during times of personal loss or crisis.
B.Knowing the difference between sexual attraction to clients and acting out.
C.Avoiding terminating the therapeutic relationship, even when sexual feelings obscure
objectivity.
D.Monitoring feelings and behaviors toward clients.
Keeping adequate records is
a. the standard of care.
b. desirable but unnecessary.
c. the aspect of counseling that most practitioners enjoy the most.
d. necessary only if one is required to make an official diagnosis to submit to an
insurance company.
___________________________ uses assessment to understand the client’s pattern of
thinking and to identify self-defeating beliefs.
A.Feminist therapy
B.Cognitive-behavioral approaches
C.Behavior therapy
D.Systemic therapies
A professional who reports suspected child abuse, in good faith, is:
a. not immune from civil liability and criminal prosecution as a mandated reporter.
b. immune from civil liability and criminal prosecution as a mandated reporter.
c. likely to receive recognition from his or her professional association.
d. both b and c.
The system may be so cumbersome and difficult for clients to work with that counselors
often need to assist their clients by adopting the role of:
a. consultant.
b. advocate.
c. adviser.
d. facilitator of indigenous support systems.
e. all of the above
According to the authors, the first step in the process of acquiring multicultural
counseling skills in a training program is that students:
a. free themselves of all racists thoughts, feelings, and actions.
b. take a self-exploratory class or workshop to help identify their cultural and ethnic
blind spots.
c. have their values systems conform with the majority culture.
d. conduct research in attitudes pertaining to multicultural counseling.
Countertransference is best considered as:
a. the therapist’s feelings of genuine concern for clients.
b. the client’s projections toward the therapist.
c. any projections by a therapist that can potentially get in the way of helping a client.
d. empathy demonstrated by the therapist for the client.