1) according to a study by maguire and colleagues, which part of a taxi drivers brain is
more likely to be larger than normal, and why?
a.frontal lobe; quick motor reactions
b.hippocampus; greater and more accurate representations of the spatial world
c.cerebellum; quick motor reactions
d.thalamus; greater and more accurate representations of the spatial world
2) in order to maximize the likelihood that experimental and control groups are similar
before any treatment is begun, researchers typically use:
a.naturalistic observation
b.random assignment
c.sampling
d.participant observation
3) how does infant temperament relate to adult personality?
a.infant temperament affects the general structure of personality but does not predict
specific behavior patterns.
b.temperament changes so much over early development that no consistent
relationships have been documented.
c.infant temperament correlates with both the general structure of adult personality and
specific behavioral patterns shown by adults.
d.infant temperament predicts negative but not positive behaviors.
4) rosita just gave birth to a baby girl and named her anita. according to the defining
attribute model, the fact that rosita has a baby named anita should be stored with the
concept of _____; the fact that rosita could have a baby should be stored with the
concept _____; and the fact that rosita can breathe should be stored with the concept
_____.
a.woman; rosita; human being
b.rosita; woman; human being
c.rosita; rosita; human being
d.rosita; woman; woman
5) your text suggests that from infancy through adolescence, hours of sleep per night is
probably _____ correlated with age in years.
a.negatively
b.not
c.positive
d.perfectly
6) of the types of haptic receptors described in your text, those that respond to _____
are found throughout the body, not just in the skin.
a.pain
b.cold
c.vibration
d.steady pressure
7) peng is worried about what might be upsetting his 1-month-old son, who seems to
have an angry expression on his face. you could help by telling him that a negative
facial expression on a baby his sons age is far more likely to be expressing _____,
because babies cannot express anger until they are _____ old.
a.pain; 2 months
b.fear; 2 months
c.pain; 6 months
d.fear; 6 months
8) the looting that sometimes occurs after a disaster is an example of:
a.deindividuation
b.social loafing
c.social facilitation
d.persuasion
9) tetrahydrocannabinol is the psychoactive chemical in which drug?
a.marijuana
b.mdma
c.tetracycline
d.crack cocaine
10) which of the following actions reflects a choice to engage with life, rather than to
escape the self?
a.gaining temporary relief from personal issues by engaging in a flow activity
b.distracting oneself from reflecting on failures or problems
c.escaping problems
d.avoiding individuals and situations causing distress
11) if a particular disorder shows itself in similar ways in different cultures around the
world, one would be correct to suspect that that disorder is based in:
a.dysfunctional family systems
b.human biology
c.similar environmental events
d.universally held beliefs
12) yang believes that a whale is a fish, because a whale swims. yangs misconception
suggests that he is using a(n) _____ model for the fish category.
a.prototype
b.categorization
c.defining attribute
d.exemplar
13) jered is suicidal. he has been seriously depressed for about a year and is saying that
he wants to end it all. he has not responded to typical drug therapies. his psychiatrist
believes it is critical to try something that will work as effectively and as quickly as
possible. his psychiatrist will probably recommend:
a.electroconvulsive therapy
b.lithium
c.a combination of a mao-inhibitor and lithium
d.up to three antidepressant medications and an antipsychotic
14) kayla is participating in a research study on coping. she is asked to engage in a
difficult task that is designed to elicit a stress response. based on the results of previous
research, if kayla is high in hardiness she will show _____ following the stressful task.
a.an increase in positive thoughts about herself
b.lower than average blood pressure
c.a steady heart rate
d.more blood flow in the amygdala
15) conditioned food aversions are especially likely to occur when the stimulus is a(n):
a.familiar food
b.unfamiliar food
c.light
d.sound
16) in making causal attributions, people from eastern cultures differ from those in
western cultures in that they:
a.use more information in making attributions and are less individualistic in their
attributions
b.are less holistic in their attributions
c.are more likely to consider dispositional factors
d.use more information in making attributions and are more likely to consider
situational factors
17) you are standing at the intersection of two perpendicular roads. you see one road
running north-south and another road running east-west. you do not see one road
running north and then turning east and another road running east then turning north.
which gestalt principle accounts for what you do and do not see?
a.similarity
b.good continuation
c.parallelism
d.closure