1) the brain and the spinal cord make up the _____ nervous system.
a.central
b.peripheral
c.primary
d.autonomic
2) from an evolutionary perspective, pleasure _____ survival and reproduction, by
_____.
a.promotes; facilitating adaptive behaviors
b.hinders; interfering with adaptive learning from painful experience
c.hinders; facilitating maladaptive excessive behaviors
d.promotes; interfering with maladaptive responses to painful experience
3) another term for neuron firing is:
a.action potential
b.somatic potential
c.resting membrane potential
d.efferent arc
4) the fetus has a heart by:
a.the second month
b.the fifth month
c.the seventh month
d.birth
5) anna is reading her psychology text. the activation of receptors in her retina is called
_____; her interpretation of the stimuli as particular words is termed _____.
a.sensation; sensation as well
b.sensation; perception
c.perception; sensation
d.perception; perception as well
6) according to kagan and snidman, when do we see the first evidence of a shy
temperament in children?
a.6 weeks
b.10 months
c.2 years
d.5 years
7) which brain region processes the emotional significance of stimuli and generates
immediate emotional and behavioral reactions?
a.prefrontal cortex
b.amygdala
c.hippocampus
d.hypothalamus
8) constanza just entered therapy for an eating disorder. she is starting to recognize how
her role in the family affects her family members treatment of her. she has started to
consciously change some of her interpersonal behaviors; for example, she now stands
up for herself when someone criticizes her. accordingly, her parents are starting to treat
her with more respect. the positive changes in the familys interactions makes sense if
you look at the problem from a(n) _____ perspective.
a.family cycle
b.expressed emotion
c.systems
d.cathartic
9) toby is generally somewhat sad and pessimistic. today, however, his candidate for
president has won the election, and toby is feeling incredibly optimistic and exuberant.
tobys usual sadness and pessimism is a(n) _____; his current optimism and exuberance
is a(n) _____.
a.emotion; mood
b.emotion; emotion
c.mood; emotion
d.mood; mood
10) according to research conducted on family-focused interventions, the major
difference between effective and ineffective family-focused treatments involves
whether:
a.the patient has adequate social skills
b.family members have enough information about the patients illness
c.a medical practitioner or a family therapist conducts the intervention
d.family members promote the patients autonomy
11) positive reinforcement and positive punishment are similar in that both:
a.produce an increase in the probability of a behavior
b.produce a decrease in the probability of a behavior
c.involve the administration of a stimulus
d.involve the removal of a stimulus
12) one of your roommates comes from a small rural town and the other one from a
large city. does this affect their probability of ever experiencing a schizophrenic
episode?
a.no; genetic factors tend to override environmental factors in schizophrenia.
b.maybe; it depends entirely on the stress level of each environment.
c.yes; the one from the urban area is at higher risk.
d.yes; the one from the rural area is at higher risk.
13) your friend has been complaining about her inability to concentrate and her
irritability. she mentions that she has not been able to fall asleep. what condition might
your friend have?
a.dementia
b.insomnia
c.melatonin
d.paradoxical sleep
14) according to grays model of personality, extraverts are likely to _____ new
situations and people and introverts are likely to _____ new situations and people.
a.approach; approach
b.avoid; avoid
c.avoid; approach
d.approach; avoid
15) rem sleep is characterized by:
a.increased brain activity
b.body paralysis
c.dreaming
d.all of the above
16) which of the following statements is not true of imprinting?
a.there is a critical period in which imprinting must occur.
b.imprinting occurs most commonly in humans.
c.imprinting is a biological behavior.
d.if the mother bird is not available, the baby bird can imprint on any available female
of that species.
17) karine completed a behavioral treatment for her spider phobia. from what you know
about behavioral treatment for phobias, which was the most effective part of the
treatment?
a.creating a fear hierarchy
b.undergoing relaxation training
c.being exposed to the feared object
d.induced hyperventilation
18) in _____, learning occurs because of the consequences that follow the behavior.
a.classical conditioning
b.operant conditioning
c.observational learning
d.imitation