1) this results when an atom has such a strong attraction for electrons that it pulls one or
more electrons completely away from another atom.
a. van der waals
b. ionic
c. hydrogen
d. covalent
2) c-reactive protein is a type of
a) cytokine.
b) chemotaxin.
c) acute-phase protein.
d) pyrogen.
e) granzyme.
3) skeletal muscle fibers with the greatest endurance rely on ________ for energy.
a) anaerobic glycolysis
b) oxidative phosphorylation
c) lactic acid accumulation
d) ketone body degradation
4) which of the following is a unique characteristic of glucose as a solute in biological
systems?
a) it enters the interstitial fluid before going into the cell.
b) it is freely penetrating and can pass in and out of the cells at any time.
c) 100% of it is absorbed into the cell from the extracellular fluid.
d) it is converted into dextrose inside the cell.
5) some types of antihistamines make one sleepy, others do not. this difference is partly
attributed to a difference in
a) lipid solubility.
b) the type of receptor involved.
c) atp-dependence of drug transport.
d) whether or not the drug mimics the hormone melatonin.
6) each of the following paracrines may cause vasodilation except
a) nitric oxide.
b) h+ ions from metabolic acids.
c) ca2+.
d) k+.
e) co2.
7) when the neuron is at rest, which statement is true?
a) the activation gate is closed.
b) the inactivation gate is open.
c) no na+ crosses the membrane is the only observation.
d) the activation gate is closed and the inactivation gate is open.
e) the activation gate is closed and no na+ crosses the membrane.
8) match the structure to its function.
a. mouth
b. stomach
c. rectum
d. small intestine
e. large intestine
fat digestion begins here.
9) the osmolarity in the deepest part of the loop of henle is ________ mosm.
a) 1200
b) 100
c) 300
d) 900
e) none of these answers are correct.
10) match the stimulus to the type of receptor that typically responds to it.
a.chemoreceptor
b.mechanoreceptor
pressure
11) the trna molecule contains the three-base sequence called the
a) codon.
b) anticodon.
c) semicodon.
d) aminocodon.
12) match the symptoms to the problem.
a. damage to the cerebral cortex
b. degeneration of hair cells
c. ringing in the ears
d. dizziness and nausea
e. problems with structures of the middle ear
mnire’s disease
13) an important structure in both learning and memory is the
a) cerebellum.
b) pons.
c) medulla.
d) hippocampus.
e) hypothalamus.
14) menstruation is triggered by a drop in the level(s) of
a) fsh.
b) lh.
c) relaxin.
d) estrogen and progesterone.
e) human chorionic gonadotropin.
15) cortisol secretion peaks between ________ and ________.
a) early morning, noon
b) midnight, early morning
c) noon, early evening
d) early evening, midnight
16) low frequency sound waves create the maximum displacement of the basilar
membrane ________, where that membrane is ________.
a) near the helicotrema , stiffer
b) near the helicotrema, flexible
c) near the oval window, stiffer
d) near the oval window, flexible
e) in the middle, stiffer
17) cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system include
a) macrophages and monocytes.
b) neutrophils and eosinophils.
c) lymphocytes and plasma cells.
d) macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils.
e) macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells.
18) list and explain the effects of cortisol.
19) why are mitochondria necessary at axon terminals?
20) a(n) ________ contraction describes the opening of stretch-activated channels in
smooth muscle cells in response to a distortion of the cell membrane that is commonly
observed in ________.
21) ________ reflexes involve skeletal muscles.
22) list and define the four major receptor groups.
23) mike has classical hemophilia, a clotting disorder, but his case is considered “mild.”
his levels of factor viii are 28% of normal. he is usually ok going about the activities of
normal daily living. he plays slow pitch softball and enjoys swimming and horseback
riding, and is an exceptionally active individual who believes “why walk when you can
run?” he has noticed that once he has one injury, he will have “bleeds” more readily, and
has to restrict his own activities to give himself time to heal. why would he have to
‘slow down” longer than a person without hemophilia?
24) precocious puberty in girls can result from hypersecretion of nongonadal steroids.
in such girls, there is early breast development, onset of menses, and ovulation of viable
eggs. this can occur by age 7 or even earlier. which hormone(s) and nongonadal
endocrine gland(s) may be responsible? can the responsible gland(s) be safely
removed? explain. how might this condition be treated without surgery? what
permanent nonsexual consequences may result from not treating this condition?
25) a cell’s or tissue’s response to a hormone primarily depends on ________ and
________.