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Gray matter is found only in the cerebral cortex.
Communication between the cerebrum and cerebellum is facilitated by the corpus
callosum.
The stomach and small intestines release hormones to help coordinate activities with
the autonomic nervous system for digestion.
In the geniculostriate system, the right lateral geniculate nucleus receives input from the
right visual fields of both eyes.
Sweet, umami, and bitter receptors activate gustducin G-proteins that lead to
depolarization.
Black lung causes pulmonary fibrosis due to the inhalation of large amounts of carbon
dust.
The gastrointestinal tract generates monomers from polymers by condensation.
Microgravity reduces bone density that exercise machines have not been able to
counter.
The majority of energy within the body is stored as triglycerides.
Most enzymatic reactions in the body are one step processes.
Isotonic muscle contractions are often preceded by isometric contractions.
It is impossible to consciously control autonomic activities.
A lack of extracellular Ca2+ would cause increased release of neurotransmitters.
A tumor stimulating oversecretion of hormones by the thyroid gland would cause
plasma Ca2+ to increase.
An ionized organic acid is designated with the suffix - ate.
Once an EPSP is created on the postsynaptic neuron, a new action potential is produced
down the axon.
The function of the inner hair cells of the organ of Corti is to amplify low sound
intensities.
Primary energy reserves include glycogen and fat.
Leydig cells in the male produce Mllerian inhibition factor.
The arcuate nucleus is a region of the thalamus involved in hunger regulation.
Oxidation means that oxygen is part of the reaction.
A nerve is a bundle of axons in the CNS.
Lymphocytes are involved in specific immune reactions.
Bleaching induces conformational changes in both retinal and the associated opsin.
A decreased affinity for oxygen shifts the oxygen dissociation curve to the right.
Daylight causes stimulation of the pineal gland to release melatonin.
Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers are relatively long.
Transitional epithelium consists of a single layer of rounded, nonkeratinized cells which
function to strengthen luminal walls.
Arteries usually carry blood high in oxygen towards the heart.
The monosynaptic stretch reflex involves the actions of the muscle spindles.
Regulation of motor neurons involves the actions of the basal nuclei and cerebellum.
The majority of hydrolysis of disaccharides occurs by the actions of enzymes found
A.in the pancreatic juice.
B.in the brush border of the small intestine.
C.in saliva.
D.in the gastric mucosa.
Proteins located on the surface of the plasma membrane can act as ___________ for
hormones.
A. receptors
B. enzymes
C. neurotransmitters
D. pseudopods
The guarding reflex allows the urinary bladder to fill by
A.inhibiting parasympathetic stimulation of the detrusor muscle.
B.stimulating sympathetic nerves to the external urethral sphincter to contract.
C.responding to stretch receptors in the bladder wall.
D.All of the choices are correct.
What is the condition of having low blood oxygen levels?
A.hypocapnia
B.hypercapnia
C.hypoxia
D.hypoxemia
Which of the following may be beneficial in treating gastric ulcers?
A.epinephrine
B.histamine blockers
C.gastric inhibitory peptide
D.carboxypeptidase
What drug that is used as a treatment for asthma, promotes bronchodilation by
selectively stimulating beta2-adrenergic receptors?
A.Singular
B.Albuterol
C.Terbutaline
D.Epinephrine
The conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II occurs primarily in the
A.liver.
B.adrenal cortex.
C.kidneys.
D.lungs.
Intercalated discs couple ________ cells both mechanically and electrically.
A.smooth muscle
B.myocardial
C.skeletal muscle
D.both myocardial and skeletal muscle
Damage to tissues stimulates the activation of the ______________ blood clotting
pathway.
A.complement
B.hemophilic
C.intrinsic
D.extrinsic
What type of hemoglobin cannot bind to 2,3-DPG and thus has a higher affinity for
oxygen?
A.hemoglobin F
B.hemoglobin A
C.hemoglobin B
D.hemoglobin G
Males lacking testosterone receptors would
A.develop as genotypic females.
B.have testes and female external genitalia.
C.lack gonads.
D.have male internal genitalia.
How much kidney filtrate is reabsorbed back into the vascular system?
A.100%
B.98-99%
C.75-80%
D.50-60%
Damage to the AV node could cause
A.the absence of the T wave on an ECG.
B.multiple Q waves on an ECG.
C.multiple T waves on an ECG.
D.multiple P waves on an ECG.
Milk let-down
A.is stimulated by epinephrine.
B.relies only on autonomic nerves.
C.is inhibited by oxytocin.
D.may occur in response to auditory cues.
Hydrophobic molecules would contain _______________ bonds.
A. nonpolar covalent
B. polar covalent
C. hydrogen
D. ionic
________ is caused by the oversecretion of growth hormone in adults.
A.Gigantism
B.Myxedema
C.Acromegaly
D.Osteomalacia
Which of the following is NOT a function of the Golgi complex?
A. packaging final proteins in vesicles
B. modifying proteins
C. separation of different types of proteins
D. removal of the leader sequence from the protein
If the rate of urine formation is 2 ml/min, the urine inulin concentration is 25 mg/ml,
and the plasma inulin concentration 0.5 mg/ml, then the GFR is
A.0.04 mL/min.
B.100 mL/min.
C.6.25 mL/min.
D.None of the choices are correct.
Spermatogenesis is regulated by
A.FSH.
B.testosterone and its derivatives.
C.growth hormone.
D.progesterone.
In the formation of triglycerides,
A.hydroxyl and carbonyl groups interact.
B.amino and carbonyl groups interact.
C.carboxyl and amino groups interact.
D.carboxyl and hydroxyl groups interact.
Which of the following does NOT inhibit platelet aggregation?
A.nitric oxide
B.prostacyclin
C.von Willebrand's factor
D.CD39
During exercise, all of the following occur EXCEPT
A.increased stroke volume.
B.increased cardiac rate.
C.shunting of blood from visceral organs to skeletal muscle and heart.
D.increased vasoconstriction of coronary arteries.
If an unsaturated fatty acid chain is 22 carbons long and the first of three double bonds
is at the fifth carbon from the methyl end, it would be an
A.omega-5 fatty acid.
B.omega-22 fatty acid.
C.omega-3 fatty acid.
D.omega-16 fatty acid.
In vitro fertilization involves a technique called
A.implantation.
B.cleavage.
C.ICSI.
D.acrosomal reaction.
Muscle repair is due to ____ forming myotubes that fuse to form new muscle fibers.
A. satellite cells
B. myofibrils
C. muscle cells
D. All apply.
What is a noninvasive method of determining structural abnormalities in the fetus
called?
A.ultrasound
B.chorionic villi biopsy
C.X-ray
D.amniocentesis
Olfactory receptor proteins are especially located on the membrane of their nonmotile
cilia and are coupled to
A.cAMP.
B.cGMP.
C.Ca2+.
D.G-proteins.
Damage to the Papez circuit prevents communication between
A. the limbic system and olfactory bulbs.
B. the limbic system and hippocampus.
C. the limbic system and the diencephalon.
D. the limbic system and the cerebrum.
The form of hemoglobin with iron in a reduced state and bonded to oxygen is
A.oxyhemoglobin.
B.deoxyhemoglobin.
C.methemoglobin.
D.carboxyhemoglobin.
Which of the following statements regarding cardiac muscle is true?
A.Dense bodies anchor thin filaments.
B.Fibers lack I and A bands.
C.Intercalated discs contain gap junctions.
D.Fibers lack branches.
A stem cell that can give rise to all tissues except the trophoblast cells of the placenta is
called
A.totipotent.
B.retropotent.
C.multipotent.
D.pluripotent.
