1) there is clear evidence that strenuous exercise on a regular basis enhances the
immune system.
a) true
b) false
2) the following is a list of several levels of organization that make up the human body.
1> tissue
2> cell
3> organ
4> molecule
5> organism
6> organ system
the correct order from the smallest to the largest is
a) 2, 4, 1, 3, 6, 5
b) 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 5
c) 4, 2, 1, 3, 6, 5
d) 4, 2, 3, 1, 6, 5
e) 6, 4, 5, 2, 3, 1
3) match the ganglion cell response to the location of the light stimulus.
a. fully excited
b. fully inhibited
c. weak response
light only shines on the center of an on-center visual field.
4) if the neural connections between the pons and medulla are severed, breathing will
stop.
a) true
b) false
5) reasoning arises in the outer layer of neurons of which of the following?
a) amygdala
b) basal nuclei
c) hippocampus
d) cerebral cortex
e) amygdala and hippocampus
6) when comparing action potentials to graded potentials, an/two important
distinguishing characteristic/s is/are
a) graded potentials can undergo summation.
b) action potentials can undergo summation.
c) that the rate of action potentials is limited by the refractory period.
d) graded potentials can undergo summation and the rate of action potentials is limited
by the refractory period.
e) action potentials can undergo summation and the rate of action potentials is limited
by the refractory period.
7) match the structure to its description.
a. muscle spindles
b. golgi tendon organs
c. both
the tension maintained in a muscle at rest is known as ________.
8) the action potentials of myocardial autorhythmic cells, are due to a combination of
increasing na2+ ________ and decreasing k+________.
a) influx, efflux
b) efflux, influx
c) influx, influx
d) efflux, efflux
9) in resistance exercise, such as strength training, muscles rely heavily on ________
energy production.
a) anaerobic
b) aerobic
10) in order to cause vasodilation of most vascular smooth muscle,
a) acetylcholine combines with nicotinic receptors.
b) acetylcholine combines with muscarinic receptors.
c) norepinephrine combines with alpha receptors.
d) norepinephrine combines with 1 receptors.
e) sympathetic stimulation is removed.
11) ________ are clusters of lymphatic nodules located beneath the epithelial lining of
the small intestine.
a) tonsils
b) adenoids
c) peyer’s patches
d) immune complexes
e) lymph nodes
12) chromium is
a) a major essential element.
b) a minor essential element.
c) a dietary supplement with no natural role in the body.
d) none of the answers are correct.
13) polyspermy in humans results in
a) twins.
b) triplets.
c) individuals with haploid cells.
d) tetraploid adults.
e) a nonfunctional zygote.
14) functions of connective tissue include
a) establishing a structural framework for the body.
b) transporting fluids and dissolved materials.
c) providing protection for delicate organs.
d) storing energy reserves.
e) all of the answers are correct.
15) a dehydrated patient needs a saline solution iv in order to be rehydrated.
unfortunately the hospital is poorly stocked with saline solutions. the nurse was asked
by the doctor to mix up 1 l of a 0.45% saline solution using nacl and distilled water.
how would she do this? what is the osmolarity of this solution?
16) ________ are molecules that prevent damage to our cells by stopping the
destructive effects of free radical formation.
17) the rule that states “within limits, the heart pumps all of the blood that returns to it”
is known as the ________.
18) what are some dangers of having coronary artery disease? what are some dangers of
having hypertension?
19) ________ generated in the ________ enter the electron transport system to generate
2.5 atp molecules.
20) compare and contrast gastrin, cck, secretin, gip, motilin, and glucagon-like peptide
1. in your answer, include the following details for each term: secreted by, target(s),
effects, and stimulus for release.
21) the gaps between adjacent schwann cells on an axon are called ________.
22) if a diabetes mellitus patient continually has high blood glucose, what is likely to
happen to the nervous system, and what are the possible outcomes?