1) match the correct subatomic particle with the statement about it. answers may be
used once, more than once, or not at all.
a. proton(s)
b. neutron(s)
c. electron(s)
1> this particle has a charge of +1 and a mass of 1.
2> this particle has a charge of -1 and a negligible mass.
3> this particle has a neutral charge and a mass of 1.
2) tetrodotoxin is a toxin that blocks voltage-gated sodium channels. what effect does
this substance have on the function of neurons?
a) neurons depolarize more rapidly.
b) action potentials lack a repolarization phase.
c) the absolute refractory period is shorter than normal.
d) the neuron is not able to propagate action potentials.
e) the toxin does not interfere with neuron function because the voltage-regulated
sodium channels would still function.
3) which of the following are examples of cations?
a) so42-
b) ca2+
c) hpo42-
d) hco3-
e) cl-
4) match the response to the description.
a. increase
b. decrease
c. no change
percent fat metabolized for atp production as exercise intensity increases
5) the hair cells of utricle and saccule are clustered in
a) ampullae.
b) cristae.
c) cupulae.
d) maculae.
e) otoliths.
6) you are a physiologist on a space flight to a distant planet. you discover intelligent
humanoid aliens inhabiting the planet, and they willingly submit to your tests. you
discover that the alien’s kidney handles the sugar alcohol mannitol just like our kidneys
handle inulin. you also test the alien for its renal handling of glucose. the data from that
experiment are: plasma level (constant over 24 hrs): 6 g/dl of mannitol and 2 g/dl of
glucose; 24 hr. urine sample: volume of 2 l, containing 144 g mannitol and 52 g
glucose.
a.what is the alien’s glomerular filtration rate?
b.what is the alien’s clearance rate for glucose?
c.how does the alien kidney handle glucose?
7) all of these statements about carbohydrates are true except one. identify the
exception.
a) simple sugars include lactose, glucose, and ribose.
b) cellulose is the most abundant carbohydrate on earth.
c) glycogen is a storage polysaccharide made by animal cells.
d) polysaccharides are important both for energy storage and to provide structure to
cells.
e) glycogen is important both for energy storage and to provide structure for cells.
8) spinal interneurons prevent muscle antagonists from interfering with an intended
movement by
a) initiating a crossed extensor reflex.
b) initiating a stretch reflex.
c) initiating a tendon reflex.
d) the process of reciprocal inhibition.
e) activating reverberating circuits.
9) when amino acids are metabolized for energy, the nitrogen is converted to urea and
then is excreted from the body by the
a) liver.
b) skin.
c) kidneys.
d) sweat glands.
e) spleen.
10) an example of transamination is
a) removing an amine group from one molecule and binding it to a different molecule.
b) removing an amino group and putting it into the bloodstream for the kidneys to
discard.
c) removing a phosphate group from a molecule.
d) finding a brand new sports car in your driveway with your name on it.
11) what is a differential white cell count and when is it used?
12) cancer is abnormal, uncontrolled cell division. what property of epithelial tissues
makes them more prone to develop this condition?
13) a few gases are known to act as signal molecules, including ________, ________,
and ________.
14) the cells of the lung that produce the substance that lowers surface tension are
________
15) acetylcholine is excitatory at the neuromuscular junction, but inhibitory at the sa
node. explain why this is true.