1) meagans economics professor argues that people are optimal decision makers. her
psychology professor argues that people are often irrational decision makers. her
economics professor believes in a _____ model of human decision making; her
psychology professor believes in a _____ model.
a.normative; descriptive
b.normative; normative
c.descriptive; descriptive
d.descriptive; normative
2) psychiatrists often view their patients problems using a medical model perspective.
this means that, in the eyes of the psychiatrist, a patient should:
a.take a leading role in his or her own treatment
b.accept the psychiatrists recommendations
c.focus on multiple kinds of alternative therapies
d.seek out drug therapy plus talk therapy to increase well-being
3) in elliss rational-emotive therapy:
a.the focus is on how the situation elicits maladaptive behaviors
b.a therapist explains and demonstrates thinking patterns that are adaptive
c.a link between dysfunctional emotions and unstructured thought is developed by the
client
d.maladaptive behaviors are extinguished via classical conditioning
4) which of the following is not true about the young girl named genie described in
your text?
a.genie had been severely neglected and abused.
b.genie had no language, self-help skills, or real-world knowledge when she was found.
c.genie was able to overcome all the obstacles of her early life and is essentially normal
today.
d.genie engaged in animal-like behavior.
5) thorndikes studies with cats led him to state that behavior that led to a satisfying state
of affairs is likely to occur again, whereas behavior that leads to an annoying state of
affairs is not likely to occur again. this principle is known as:
a.classical conditioning
b.the law of effect
c.reinforcement
d.latent learning
6) spinning a client around in a chair to induce hyperventilation might be effective in
promoting behavioral extinction in:
a.obsessive-compulsive disorder
b.social phobia
c.panic disorder
d.severe depression
7) in a memory experiment, participants in group a are asked to just listen to a list of
words. group b is asked to count the number of words that begin with the letter e. group
c is asked to repeat each word as they hear it. group d is asked to use each word in a
sentence. according to craik and watsons levels of processing model, which group
would later remember more of the words on the list?
a.group a
b.group b
c.group c
d.group d
8) mandy e-mails her roommate to tell her that she has adopted a kitten. even though
the e-mail says nothing more, mandys roommate knows that the kitten will be small,
furry, have a tail, purr, meow, drink milk, and need a litter box. mandy knows all of this
because of which memory process?
a.symbolic representation
b.analogical representation
c.mental imaging
d.categorization
9) during recess, children are trying to get the two ends of a seesaw perfectly balanced.
if one side is too low, a heavier child will get off and be replaced by a lighter child; if
one side is too high, a lighter child will be replaced by a heavier one. by analogy to a
biological state, the children are trying to create _____, by mimicking a process of
_____.
a.drive satisfaction; arousal
b.arousal; needs
c.equilibrium; homeostasis
d.homeostasis; negative feedback
10) which of the following statements is most accurate regarding consciousness?
a.stimuli can influence our thoughts even if they are experienced unconsciously.
b.unconscious dreams are the only form of the subconscious that is capable of
influencing our thoughts and actions.
c.unconscious stimuli are rarely able to influence thoughts and actions.
d.the study of the effects of unconscious stimuli on consciousness remains very
mysterious to scientists and so far has been unable to be studied.
11) sleep deprivation can increase the activation of _____ receptors in the brain, which
in turn can alleviate symptoms of _____.
a.serotonin; depression
b.dopamine; insomnia
c.norepinepherine; alzheimers
d.marijuana; stress
12) a black man and a white man with equal iq scores are told that the test they are
about to take will directly measure their intelligence. if _____ becomes a factor for the
black man, he is likely to do _____ on the test than the white man will.
a.stereotype threat; better
b.stereotype threat; worse
c.defensive performance; better
d.defensive performance; worse
13) functionalism has influenced each of the following pursuits except:
a.determining the function of religion
b.developing better ways of applying divergent thinking and creativity in the classroom
c.determining teaching methods based on how childrens minds process information
d.developing reward and punishment programs and token economies
14) alex, a 10-year-old boy, is much more concerned with developing friendships with
other males of his age than with girls. he is in which of freuds psychosexual stages?
a.anal
b.phallic
c.latency
d.genital