1) transcription of the dna triplet sequence cat will bind to the trna bearing
a) cat.
b) gta.
c) gua.
d) atu.
2) differences between arterioles and metarterioles include the fact that arterioles
a) have a continuous smooth muscle layer in their walls.
b) allow blood to bypass capillary beds.
c) have an endothelial lining.
d) have a continuous smooth muscle layer in their walls and allow blood to bypass
capillary beds.
e) all of the answers are correct.
3) match the term to its definition.
a. metabolism
b. catabolism
c. anabolism
the sum of all the body’s chemical reactions
4) the pattern of synaptic connectivity where a large number of presynaptic neurons
provide input to a single postsynaptic neuron, is known as
a) divergence.
b) convergence.
c) integration.
d) saltatory conduction.
e) potentiation.
5) air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the
a) upper respiratory tract.
b) lower respiratory tract.
c) lungs.
d) alveoli.
e) all of the answers are correct.
6) vitamin d (calcitriol)
a) is formed by sunlight only.
b) is bound to plasma protein for transport only.
c) synthesis is stimulated by high calcium levels.
d) is formed by sunlight and bound to plasma protein for transport.
e) is formed by sunlight and synthesis is stimulated by high calcium levels.
7) it is the digestive system of a cell, degrading and/or recycling bacterial or organic
components.
a. endoplasmic reticulum
b. golgi apparatus
c. lysosomes
d. mitochondria
e. peroxisomes
8) glial cells communicate primarily using
a) electrical signals only.
b) chemical signals only.
c) neurotransmitters only.
d) neuromodulators only.
e) electrical signals and chemical signals.
9) match the response with the type of chemical.
a. sympathetic agonist
b. parasympathetic agonist
decreased activity in digestive tract
10) match the change with the cardiovascular event described.
a. increased
b. decreased
c. unchanged
d. stopped
the blood pressure in a vessel is 10 units at point a and 10 units at point b. flow between
those points is ________.
11) the amount of plasma that filters into the nephrons is approximately ________ of
the total volume.
a) 4/5
b) 1/5
c) 3/4
d) 1/2
e) 90%
12) mucus functions in
a) protection only.
b) lubrication only.
c) enzyme activation only.
d) protection and lubrication.
e) protection, lubrication, and enzyme activation.
13) d cells in the islet of langerhans secrete
a) somatostatin.
b) amylin.
c) insulin.
d) glucagon.
e) pancreatic polypeptide.
14) according to starling’s law of the heart, the cardiac output is directly related to the
a) size of the ventricle.
b) heart rate.
c) venous return.
d) thickness of the myocardium.
e) end-systolic volume.
15) at the molecular level, what are the effects of nicotine on the nervous system? how
are these effects exerted? how are these effects similar to or different from those of
curare? how do these effects explain some of the physiological consequences of
smoking?
16) charlie has a blood test that shows a normal level of ldls but an elevated level of
hdls in his blood. since his family has a history of cardiovascular disease, he wonders if
he should modify his lifestyle. what would you tell him?
17) chronic inflammation of the pancreas, or pancreatitis, impairs the digestive
functions of this organ. what would be the effect on digestion and absorption of
carbohydrates, fats, and proteins if acinar cells are impaired? what if duct cells are
impaired? which hormones may be used to treat pancreatitis?
18) compare and contrast action and graded potentials. your answer should include a
definition of each, types, characteristics, ionic basis, functions, and anything else
necessary to answer the question.
19) when a nitrogenous base is bonded to a pentose sugar and a phosphate, a ________
is formed.
20) autonomic neurotransmitters are synthesized in the ________.
21) the production of heat from rhythmic tremors of skeletal muscle is referred to as
________.