1) dr. johnson asks sam, how have you gotten your way in the past? sam says, by
intimidating and bullying people. dr. johnson continues, and what consequences have
resulted from your behavior? sam says, i have been in jail for 12 of the past 13 years. dr.
johnson asks, what did you actually accomplish by bullying others? sam responds, i got
jail time. first, a correct diagnosis for sam would most likely be _____. and if dr.
johnson asks sam to question the validity of his beliefs as a way to change sams
behavior, then dr. johnson is most likely a _____.
a.borderline personality disorder; psychodynamic therapist
b.antisocial personality disorder; cognitive therapist
c.borderline personality disorder; dialectical behavior therapist
d.antisocial personality disorder; humanistic therapist
2) in terms of the influence of peers and parents on childrens development and
personality, psychologists tend to agree that:
a.parents play the primary role in social development
b.peers play the primary role in social development
c.peers and parents play complementary roles
d.genes override the influence of both parents and peers
3) if, by magic, the general adaptation syndrome did not occur in human beings in
response to a stressor, what would be the most likely outcome?
a.humans would deal with stress in a more effective way.
b.the fight-or-flight response would be weakened or nonexistent.
c.mental illness rates due to stress would increase.
d.men would find it more difficult than women to cope with stress.
4) deciding how to deal with a stressor before it arises is the definition of:
a.anticipatory coping
b.pre-coping
c.future-oriented coping
d.emotion-focused coping
5) which of the following statements best summarizes the role of culture in shaping
behaviors?
a.culture has a minor role that is far secondary to biology.
b.culture plays a foundational role in shaping our behaviors.
c.cultural experiences allow us to break down complex ideas.
d.culture affects only social behaviors and not the way we think.
6) kais mom hides his pacifier because she does not want him to use it anymore. but kai
knows that the pacifier exists even though it is hidden from sight, and he cries for it.
what is the earliest stage of cognitive development that kai could be in?
a.sensorimotor
b.preoperational
c.transductive
d.concrete operational
7) nasim is driving on a snow-covered road, and her car begins to slide. the quick
behavioral response and the increased heart rate and respiration she experiences are
most likely due to the _____ nervous system; the feeling of relief and decrease in heart
rate and respiration once she has the car under control again are most likely due to the
_____ nervous system.
a.parasympathetic; sympathetic
b.sympathetic; parasympathetic
c.autonomic; somatic
d.somatic; autonomic
8) recently, arianna and raymond had their first child. they are experiencing difficulty
dealing with the lack of sleep and demands of the new baby. the kind of stress arianna
and raymond are experiencing is called:
a.eustress
b.a daily hassle
c.chronic stress
d.major life stressor
9) gottman has found that a marriage that has _____ positive as negative interactions is
in good shape.
a.three times as many
b.twice as many
c.five times as many
d.four times
10) when not active, neurons have a negative electrical charge. this is referred to as:
a.action potential
b.resting membrane potential
c.all-or-none principle
d.none of the above
11) melody is looking up a phone number in a phone book with tiny print. she will most
likely be able to read the number if she looks at the phone book with her _____ because
it has the largest number of _____.
a.fovea; rods
b.periphery; rods
c.fovea; cones
d.periphery; cones
12) who is most likely to adopt a nomothetic approach to the study of personality?
a.a psychodynamic theorist
b.a trait theorist
c.a humanistic theorist
d.a narrative therapist