Which of the following components of energy expenditure is greatest in an average,
sedentary adult?
A.basal metabolic rate.
B.adaptive thermogenesis.
C.physical activity.
D.None of the choices are correct.
The vitamin D derivative calcipotriene is used to treat the skin condition
A.pellagra.
B.beriberi.
C.scurvy.
D.psoriasis.
What amino acid of the protein colloid in thryoid follicles does iodine bind to?
A.threonine
B.serine
C.tyrosine
D.alanine
A stressful situation would stimulate _____________ gluconeogenesis.
A.increased
B.decreased
C.no change in
When two or more hormones work together to produce a particular result, their effects
are
A.permissive.
B.antagonistic.
C.synergistic.
D.inhibitory.
Increased sympathetic neuron activity will cause
A.vasoconstriction of afferent arterioles.
B.increased GFR.
C.increased urine production.
D.decreased blood volume.
The family of enzymes in cells activated during apoptosis are
A.necrotic enzymes.
B.chromatids.
C.caspases.
D.centromeres.
Intrapleural pressure __________ during expiration.
A.increases
B.decreases
C.remains unchanged
Which of the following is NOT a collateral ganglion?
A. superior mesenteric
B. hepatic
C. celiac
D. inferior mesenteric
The resting membrane potential is closest to the equilibrium potential for
A. sodium ions.
B. chloride ions.
C. calcium ions.
D. potassium ions.
Subunits of skeletal muscle cells that are composed of sarcomeres are called
A.myofibrils.
B.myofilaments.
C.sarcolemmas.
D.transverse tubules.
What distinguishes killer T lymphocytes from other T lymphocytes?
A.CD8 coreceptors
B.CD4 coreceptors
C.CD25 coreceptors
D.CD15 coreceptors
The pancreas secretes hormones involved in regulation of
A.blood glucose.
B.the stress response.
C.metabolic rate.
D.growth and reproduction.
Which of the following is NOT an exogenous cause of ROS (reactive oxygen species)
production?
A.catalase
B.drugs
C.environmental toxins
D.ionizing radiation
Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?
A. transport
B. energy production
C. structural support
D. receptors
Elevated plasma amylase could indicate
A.osteitis deformans.
B.a myocardial infarct.
C.obstructive jaundice.
D.a perforated peptic ulcer.
The ______ stimulates increased gastrin activity and increased movement of chyme
into the duodenum.
A.gastroileal reflex
B.GLP-1 reflex
C.ileogastric reflex
D.GIP reflex
The trophoblast cells of the chorion secrete _____ which maintains the corpus luteum
thereby preventing menstruation.
A.GnRH
B.ACTH
C.hCG
D.FSH
The subunit of protein is the
A.fatty acid.
B.nucleic acid.
C.amino acid.
D.carboxylic acid.
The amount of blood ejected by the ventricles per beat is termed the
A.cardiac output.
B.end diastolic volume.
C.blood pressure.
D.stroke volume.
Nuclear receptors that have been identified and their genes cloned, but their hormone
ligands are unknown are called
A.transcription factors.
B.unknown ligands.
C.orphan receptors.
D.nongenomic receptors.
In an enzymatic reaction, when temperature is increased past the point of “optimal
temperature,” the enzyme starts to
A.increase its catalytic activity.
B.reduce its catalytic activity.
C.increase its allosteric properties.
D.increase product formation.
Repaying the oxygen debt requires replacing oxygen that was
A. bound to blood hemoglobin and muscle myoglobin.
B. needed to metabolize lactic acid.
C. used for tissue warm up.
D. All apply.
The letter “”‘ would be projected onto the retina as
A. “
B. “
C. ·
D. ˜
Which of the following RAS neurotransmitters stimulates the cerebral cortex for
wakefulness?
A. dopamine
B. GABA
C. norepinephrine
D. Both dopamine and norepinephrine are correct.
microRNA
A. is single-stranded.
B. is complementary to a particular mRNA
C. is partially complementary to many mRNAs.
D. is produced in large numbers by tumor cells.
An increase in plasma creatine phosphokinase could indicate
A.muscular dystrophy.
B.liver disease.
C.heart attack.
D.Both muscular dystrophy and heart attack.
Which of the following is a superoxide radical?
A. an oxygen molecule with an extra, unpaired electron
B. an oxygen molecule with two paired electrons
C. hydrogen peroxide
D. All apply
Cardiac output is equal to
A.stroke volume – cardiac rate.
B.stroke volume / cardiac rate.
C.stroke volume + cardiac rate.
D.stroke volume x cardiac rate
Second messengers generated by the actions of phospholipase C
A.are inhibited by the actions of caffeine.
B.are stimulated by phosphodiesterases.
C.may activate calmodulin.
D.stimulate gene transcription.