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Which of the following subfields in psychology is correctly matched with an example?
A.developmental-exploring how drug use rates differ by country
B.personality-testing how drug use rates differ across the life span
C.social-examining how friend groups influence each other's drug use
D.cultural-studying how certain personality traits lead to faster drug recovery
In one study, a large number of patients were assigned to practice transcendental
meditation or to complete an educational program. The transcendental meditation group
experienced improvement on a number of health measures relative to the education
group. Which of the following criticisms best applies to this study?
A.The sample size was too small.
B.The study did not show what aspect of transcendental meditation produced the health
benefits.
C.Confirmation bias accounts for the results.
D.Meditation is not scientific.
Which of the following is an example of the "taking mental shortcuts" bias in thinking
described in your text?
A.Jack thinks he got an A on his essay because he is a great writer, but got a D on his
communications project because the instructions were too confusing.
B.Rose overestimates how often cruise ships sink because she can vividly remember the
sinking of the Titanic.
C.Wade believes that he will be funnier on stage if he eats fried chicken before he goes
on stage to perform.
D.Michael thinks that he must wear his lucky gym shorts in order to win the game.
Ashley is an undergraduate research assistant in a lab investigating preschool children's
science knowledge. She is examining the items on the science knowledge assessments
to ensure that they actually measure science, and not some other concept. What type of
validity is she addressing?
A.external
B.internal
C.construct
D.reliable
Which of the following is an example of research done at the individual level of
analysis?
A.examining how neurotransmitters change when recalling a painful memory
B.studying how different personality traits can influence job success
C.testing whether people perform an easy skill better alone or in front of a group
D.exploring how the country one grows up in influences how one interprets nonverbal
cues
Which of the following research goals is NOT a purpose of a knockout mouse?
A.to determine the effects of a removed or disrupted gene on the genome
B.to determine the effect of a removed or disrupted gene on other genes
C.to determine how a removed gene might interact with the environment
D.to reduce the need for MRIs and other techniques to study brain development
A recent survey found that 80 percent of high school students believed that they were
above average on reading, writing, and math skills. Given that only 50 percent can be
above average on any dimension, this is an example of the ________ bias.
A.hindsight
B.self-serving
C.confirmation
D.egocentric
According to your textbook, what is the current understanding of the purpose of mirror
neurons?
A.Mirror neurons allow us to imitate actions, and therefore accelerate observational
learning.
B.Mirror neurons allow us to explain and predict the behavior of others.
C.Mirror neurons allow us to feel the pain of others, and thus learn to avoid painful
situations.
D.Mirror neurons allow us to identify the emotions of others in social interactions.
Short-term memory is transferred to long-term memory via a process called:
a.attention.
b.maintenance rehearsal.
c.encoding.
d.transduction.
Ganglion cells that are excited by L cones are:
A.inhibited by only green colors.
B.inhibited by only blue colors.
C.inhibited by both green and blue colors.
D.inhibited by other L cones.
Which of the following is an example of the "misunderstanding or not using statistics"
bias in thinking described in your text?
A.Matt thinks he did well in psychology because he is intelligent, but failed chemistry
because his teacher was incompetent.
B.Meredith overestimates the likelihood of airplane accidents because she can easily
recall one that happened recently.
C.Michael thinks that he must wear his lucky gym shorts in order to win the game.
D.John believes that a coin that has landed on heads three times in a row is more likely
to be heads the next time it is flipped.
Scientists develop a new, highly addictive drug called PxH. Based on what you know
about the effect of drugs on neural activity, which of the following is LEAST likely to
be true?
A.PxH can be distinguished from naturally occurring neurotransmitters in the synapse.
B.PxH can alter how a neurotransmitter is synthesized.
C.PxH can change the concentration of a neurotransmitter in the synapse.
D.PxH can mimic neurotransmitters and bind to receptors.
Paul researches how cooperation in humans increases our ability to survive and
successfully raise children. Paul uses a(n) ________ approach in his research.
A.structuralist
B.functionalist
C.evolutionary
D.cognitive
