in a research study, 10-year-old joe was given a pile of blocks varying in size, shape, and
weight and was asked to build a bridge over a river (painted on a floor map) that was too
wide for any single block to span. the researcher carefully tracked joes efforts using a
flowchart. the researcher was probably applying which recent theoretical perspective?
1) a)ecological systems theory
b)evolutionary developmental psychology
c)information processing
d)sociocultural theory
2) compared to students in an academic program, students in general education and
vocational tracks are ________ likely to drop out.
a)no more
b)three times as
c)six times as
d)ten times as
3) for adolescents, propositional thought
a)limits their reasoning to the here and now.
b)prevents them from solving the red-and-green poker chip problem.
c)provides them with access to new realms of knowledge, such as higher math.
d)enables them to get along better with their peers.
4) according to john lockes view, children begin
a)with a soul tainted by original sin.
b)as nothing at all.
c)as noble savages.
d)as evil and stubborn.
5) nine-year-old ryan thinks through a series of steps, and then mentally changes
direction, returning to the starting point. ryan is capable of
a)conservation.
b)reversibility.
c)decentration.
d)seriation.
6) digit span, which assesses the basic capacity of working memory, increases from
about ____ digits at age 7 to _____ digits at age 12.
a)4; 5
b)5; 7
c)6; 8
d)7; 12
7) which of the following statements is true about anoxia?
a)after initial brain injury from anoxia, another phase of cell death can occur several
weeks later.
b)whole-body cooling involves immersing a newborn with an initial brain injury in
freezing water from the neck down.
c)the effects of mild or even moderate anoxia rarely persist beyond infancy.
d)healthy newborns can survive periods of little or no oxygen longer than adults can.
8) dr. newman spent three years in botswana, participating in the daily life of a
community there. she gathered extensive field notes, consisting of a mix of self-reports
from members of the community and her own observations. which research method did
dr. newman most likely use in her research?
a)ethnography
b)structured observation
c)the microgenetic design
d)the case study method
9) in an extremely understimulating environment, both bella and alice would have low
intelligence. however, in a highly stimulating environment, alices performance would
greatly exceed bellas performance. this is an example of
a)canalization.
b)niche-picking.
c)reaction range.
d)geneticenvironmental correlation.
10) female puberty usually begins with
a)menarche.
b)the budding of the breasts.
c)significant weight gain.
d)the appearance of pubic hair.
11) if you asked 4-year-old hannah to describe herself, which of the following is she
most likely to say?
a)i am friendly.
b)i am smart.
c)i am helpful.
d)i do not like bugs.
12) at birth, infants prefer
a)pure tones.
b)nonspeech sounds.
c)simple sounds.
d)voices.
13) when shown a lego structure made to look like a crayon, 3-year-old astrid said that
the object really and truly was a crayon. astrid is having trouble with
a)class inclusion.
b)hierarchical classification.
c)the appearancereality distinction.
d)conservation.
14) the strongest effects from early head start occur at sites
a)located in rural communities.
b)located in the childs own neighborhood.
c)offering a mix of center- and home-based services.
d)located near the parents workplace.
15) research suggests that emerging adulthood
a)greatly speeds up identity development.
b)is a cultural construction.
c)is a time of financial independence.
d)primarily occurs in low-ses ethnic minority groups.
16) fifteen-year-old jesse is growing at his peak. he will probably add more than ___
inches and ____ pounds this year.
a)2; 16
b)4; 26
c)6; 10
d)8; 20