1) a childs brain looks and behaves very differently than an adults brain due to changes
in the structure of the brain over the lifetime. this phenomenon is due to a property
known as:
a.developmental restructuring
b.neural plasticity
c.neural networking
d.sociobiological influence
2) zuzu and lars have been dating for almost a year. zuzu loves lars. she finds him
warm, funny, and interesting. but she is thinking of ending the relationship because he
is too emotionally demanding. he is constantly asking for reassurance that she is happy
with him, and he gives her no personal space. lars most likely had a(n) _____
attachment to his parents as a child.
a.secure
b.avoidant
c.disorganized
d.anxious-ambivalent
3) stress increases the release of cortisol, and the cortisol helps us cope with the stress.
if stress continues for prolonged periods of time:
a.cortisol production is exhausted
b.the antagonist to cortisol dominates the physiological system
c.cortisol no longer has its usual effects
d.the increased cortisol begins to have adverse effects on bodily and mental functioning
4) arianna has anxiety symptoms and has been prescribed an anti-anxiety medication.
she will probably be prescribed _____, will experience an increase in _____
neurotransmitter activity, and may experience_____.
a.xanax; serotonin; drowsiness
b.xanax; gaba; drowsiness
c.risperdol; dopamine; facial tics
d.risperdol; acetylcholine; facial tics
5) marissa is learning to make soup. she is not sure how high the flame on the burner
should be in order to cook it properly. on her first attempt, she uses such a low flame
that the soup is not done in time for dinner. the next time, she uses a high flame, and the
soup boils over. finally, she uses a flame that is just high enough. marissas experience is
analogous to the relationship between:
a.needs and drives
b.drives and arousal
c.arousal and performance
d.needs and performance
6) a major problem with the prototype model is that it does
a.clearly define how a prototype is determined
b.specify the relationship between a prototype and exemplars
c.clarify the boundaries of the category
d.define the nature of a prototype outside a specific category
7) in comparing cognitive-behavioral therapy and the drug imipramine for treating
panic disorder, barlow found that:
a.both were equally effective
b.the drug was more effective, particularly over time
c.cognitive-behavioral therapy worked better over the long term
d.neither approach worked very well for this disorder
8) relationships are promoted by:
a.work experience
b.the amount of money one has
c.proximity
d.which part of the country you live in
9) if you look at a square made up of alternating red and blue stripes for several
minutes, then look immediately at a blank white sheet of paper, you will see a square
with alternating green and yellow stripes. this effect results from pairs of _____ that
work _____.
a.cones; in concert
b.cones; in opposition
c.ganglion cells; in concert
d.ganglion cells; in opposition
10) mary was recently admitted to the psychiatric ward of a hospital. she does not seem
to talk, except for mumbling a few incoherent phrases every few hours. when asked
why she thought she was brought to the hospital, mary just shrugged her shoulders, not
seeming to understand the question. what is the best way for hospital staff to assess
marys psychological state, and why?
a.they should use a projective test, such as the rorshach, because the rorshach does not
require mary to talk.
b.they should use an objective test, such as the minnesota multiphasic personality
inventory, because it can be completed by someone other than mary.
c.they should perform a mental status exam, because it is based primarily on behavioral
observation.
d.they should use the thematic apperception test, because it is designed to be used with
severely disturbed patients.
11) studies of brain development:
a.confirm that the brain you have at birth is fully developed
b.show that unless you are born prematurely, your brain is mature at the end of the
second trimester
c.indicate that brain development continues into adulthood
d.demonstrate that the major influences on brain development occur after birth
12) to understand what infants know, researchers use experimental paradigms that take
advantage of all the following processes except:
a.habituation
b.preferential looking
c.crawling
d.orienting
13) huram is very sad because his girlfriend has gone to study abroad for a year. his
friends try to get him to go out with them, but he just does not want to go. even going to
work is becoming difficult; he does not seem to want to do anything. huram is lacking:
a.emotion
b.motivation
c.discipline
d.judgment
14) amelie, who was born and raised in a middle-class neighborhood in the united
states, has not been out of the house in about two weeks. she has been hallucinating
about people who have passed away and finds this very frightening. she is afraid that if
she goes outside, people might be following her. she thinks that there are people
watching her from her television set. her neighbors are very worried about her. which of
the following statements does not characterize amelies experience?
a.her behavior may actually be quite adaptive.
b.her behavior is maladaptive.
c.her behavior deviates from social norms.
d.her behavior is personally distressing.
15) gerde is very close to finishing her ph.d. in biology. she has been offered several
good jobs, and everyone assumes she is off to a brilliant career. however, gerde decides
that although she is a very talented biologist, what she really wants to become is a
carpenter. she quits graduate school and goes on to become a very happy and successful
carpenter. according to maslow, gerde is:
a.an underachiever
b.high in self-esteem
c.self-actualized
d.unmotivated
16) when researchers collect enough data to develop an explanation of why people
behave as they do, the researchers are creating a(n):
a.theory
b.experiment
c.hypothesis
d.generalization