1) match the lung capacity with its description.
a. total lung capacity
b. inspiratory capacity
c. vital capacity
d. functional residual capacity
the amount of air inhaled during an active (forced) inspiration
2) skeletal muscle cells are usually attached to bone by
a) fascicles.
b) ligaments.
c) tendons.
d) flexors.
3) which fibers fatigue sooner?
a) fast-twitch fibers
b) slow-twitch fibers
4) in the 16th century, william harvey discovered evidence that
a) the cardiovascular system transports blood and air.
b) the cardiovascular system is an open system.
c) arteries and veins are linked by capillaries.
d) blood is recirculated instead of consumed.
e) the liver manufactures blood.
5) the most primitive nervous systems consist of structures known as nerve
a) tracts.
b) nets.
c) webs.
d) cords.
e) mazes.
6) the role of phosphocreatine is to
a) store energy.
b) store oxygen.
c) release energy.
d) transfer energy.
e) provide a substrate for gluconeogenesis.
7) when blood glucose levels fall,
a) only insulin is released.
b) only glucagon is released.
c) only peripheral cells take up less glucose.
d) only protein synthesis decreases.
e) all of these answers are correct.
8) which is not housed in the medulla oblongata?
a) centers for blood pressure control
b) centers for control of vomiting
c) centers for control of eye movement
d) centers for control of breathing
e) the pyramids, where tracts cross to the opposite side of the body
9) in a normal kidney, which of the following conditions would cause an increase in the
glomerular filtration rate (gfr)?
a) constriction of the afferent arteriole
b) a decrease in the hydraulic pressure of the glomerulus
c) an increase in the capsular hydraulic pressure
d) a decrease in the concentration of plasma proteins in the blood
e) a decrease in the net glomerular filtration pressure
10) which of the following is not a correct comparison of cardiac myocytes to other
muscle cell types?
a) like smooth muscle cells, some cardiac myocytes have pacemaker potentials.
b) like some smooth muscle cells, cardiac myocytes are electrically coupled.
c) like skeletal muscle cells, actin and myosin are organized into sarcomeres.
d) like skeletal muscle, contraction of cardiac muscle is under autonomic nervous
control.
e) like smooth muscle cells, cardiac muscle is under hormonal control.
11) put these structures of the visual system in the order that they transmit visual
information from the retina.
1> optic disk
2> visual cortex of the occipital lobe
3> optic chiasm
4> lateral geniculate body of the thalamus
a) 3, 1, 2, 4
b) 3, 1, 4, 2
c) 1, 3, 4, 2
d) 1, 3, 2, 4
e) 1, 2, 3, 4
12) an increase in the rate and depth of breathing is known as ________.
13) shannon just finished finals and is heading home for winter break, excited for all the
holiday activities her family has planned. it was a really stressful week and she just
wants to get home to her family and friends. the day after finals shannon wakes up
feeling very sick with a cold, sore throat and upset stomach, probably the flu. her father
says the stress from finals probably caught up with her and she just needs to rest. what
do you think? is shannons father right? could stress have caused her to get sick? if not,
why not? if so, what mechanisms were at play?
14) discuss the attachments between adjacent cardiac muscle cells. what features are
important anatomically and physiologically? is there a disadvantage to this
arrangement?
15) explain why the composition of the phospholipid bilayer determines how readily
water passes through it.
16) membrane protein pores that can be opened and closed are called ________
channels.
17) write a teleological explanation for why heart rate increases during exercise. now
write a mechanistic explanation for the same phenomenon.
18) ________ are raised sensory structures within the ampulla of semicircular canals
that contain the hair cells.