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1) there are two solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane. solution a is 0.2 m
nacl and solution b is 0.1 m cacl2. will there be a net flow of water across the
membrane? why or why not?
2) the membrane proteins that change shape and bind with specific molecules to
transport them across the cell membrane are ________.
3) what effect does a calcium channel blocker have on the heart, the blood pressure, and
cardiac output? why?
4) compare and contrast fast and slow synaptic potentials, including detailed
mechanisms used and what kinds of cells they occur in.
5) "water, water, every where, nor any drop to drink" is a phrase from the rime of the
ancient mariner by samuel taylor coleridge. this poem describes an ocean ship unable to
sail to land and running out of its supply of fresh water; sailors have long known that
drinking seawater cannot prevent death from dehydration. what would result if the
sailors attempted to alleviate their dehydration by drinking seawater? justify your
answer by describing kidney physiology. why wouldn't reflexes, in response to
dehydration, fully compensate? what does this illustrate about the force allowing
kidneys to retain water under more normal conditions?
6) briefly explain the effects of the hormone insulin on glucose transport. what is
diabetes mellitus? how are types i and ii different? why do insulin injections help
alleviate one type but not the other?
7) lipid signal molecules that act in a paracrine fashion and combine with g-protein
coupled receptors include ________ and ________.
8) the crew of an ocean-going racing sailboat must adhere to strict weight limits for
both their bodies and the food they eat, yet their activity levels are very high, and
weather conditions may vary to extreme cold, so they must consume many kilocalories.
what kinds of nutrient-dense foods can you suggest to them to bring? in general, what
type of energy nutrient should they choose to consume?
