1) swelling and soreness of the lymph nodes indicate that
a) immune cells are fighting infection.
b) the immune system is incapable of working.
c) dangerous cancerous changes are occurring in the immune system.
d) too much or improper exercise has been undertaken.
e) none of the answers are correct.
2) match each step in urine formation to its description.
a. excretion
b. filtration
c. reabsorption
d. secretion
movement from the glomerulus to the nephron lumen
3) which of the following statements about the na+/k+ pump is false?
a) it transports na+ out of the cell and k+ into the cell.
b) it is present in neurons.
c) its activity requires the expenditure of metabolic (cellular) energy.
d) it transports na+ and k+ in a 1:1 ratio.
4) match the membrane protein with its function.
a. transfer signals from the extracellular environment to the cytoplasm of the cell
b. form cell-to-cell connections
c. bind to molecules to facilitate entry to or exit from the cell
d. ligands bind to these proteins and are changed by the protein
enzymes
5) blood pressure is determined by
a) measuring the size of the pulse pressure.
b) measuring the pressure in the left ventricle.
c) measuring the force exerted by blood in a vessel.
d) measuring the degree of turbulence in a closed vessel.
e) all of the answers are correct.
6) the majority of the protein inside a red blood cell is
a) albumin.
b) porphyrin.
c) hemoglobin.
d) immunoglobulin.
e) fibrinogen.
7) a hemoglobin molecule is composed of
a) just two protein chains.
b) just three protein chains.
c) just four protein chains and nothing else.
d) four protein chains and four heme groups.
e) four heme groups but no protein.
8) flow of air
a) is directly proportional to a pressure gradient, and flow decreases as the resistance of
the system increases.
b) is directly proportional to the resistance, and flow decreases as the pressure of the
system increases.
c) is directly proportional to a pressure gradient, and flow increases as the resistance of
the system increases.
d) is directly proportional to the resistance, and flow increases as the resistance of the
system increases.
e) none of the answers are correct.
9) match these functions with the correct brain area.
a. medulla oblongata
b. pons
c. midbrain
d. reticular formation
relay station for transfer of information between the cerebrum and cerebellum;
coordinates breathing control with other areas
10) with endurance training, muscle mitochondria increase in
a) size only.
b) number only.
c) size and number.
d) neither size nor number.
11) which of the following is occurring during systole?
a) blood pressure increases
b) pulse pressure decreases
c) more stress is placed on arterial walls
d) blood pressure increases and pulse pressure decreases
e) blood pressure increases and more stress is placed on arterial walls
12) which does not accurately complete the sentence? one of the major functions of
both types of endoplasmic reticulum (er) is the
a) synthesis of biomolecules.
b) storage of genetic material for the cell.
c) transport of biomolecules.
d) storage of biomolecules.
13) a decrease in which population of lymphocytes would impair all aspects of an
immune response?
a) cytotoxic t cells
b) helper t cells
c) suppressor t cells
d) b lymphocytes
e) plasma cells
14) the all-or-none principle states that
a) all stimuli will produce identical action potentials.
b) all stimuli great enough to bring the membrane to threshold will produce action
potentials of identical magnitude.
c) the greater the magnitude of the stimuli, the greater the intensity of the action
potential.
d) only sensory stimuli can activate action potentials.
e) only motor stimuli can activate action potentials.
15) information stored in the nucleus is translated into
a) carbohydrates.
b) lipids.
c) proteins.
d) phospholipids.
e) none of the answers are correct.
16) once the action potential reaches the axon terminal, what happens next?
a) exocytosis of a neurocrine
b) release of the neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft
c) release of a neurohormone into the blood
d) any of the above could happen next.
17) which group of elements makes up more than 90% of the body’s mass?
a) o, h, na
b) c, na, k
c) o, ca, h
d) ca, c, o
e) o, c, h
18) jill suffers from anorexia nervosa. one afternoon she is rushed to the emergency
room because of cardiac arrhythmias. her breath has the smell of an aromatic
hydrocarbon (sweet, fruity odor), and blood and urine samples indicated ketonemia and
ketonuria. why do you think she is having the arrhythmias?
19) most absorbed nutrients first enter the blood of the ________ system.
20) in a laboratory situation, a nerve can be stimulated by applying voltage from a
stimulator. if a stimulus was applied in the middle of a nerve roughly halfway between
the cell bodies and the axon terminals, would resulting action potentials travel only
from the stimulus point to the axon terminal? why or why not? how is this similar to or
different from the basic characteristics of an action potential discussed in this chapter?
what does this tell you about the nature of the axon?
21) list the six types of epithelial cells associated with gastric glands. briefly describe
each one’s role in the stomach.
22) a heart with cells contracting rapidly in a disorganized manner, with no effective
pumping action, is said to be in ________.
23) once the mrna for a particular gene has been transcribed, how is the mrna that will
be released from the nucleus processed?
24) the rising phase of the action potential is a result of ________ for skeletal muscle,
________ for contractile myocardium, and ________ for autorhythmic myocardium.
25) a certain molecule that participates in more than one biochemical pathway and acts
as a branch point for channeling substrate in one direction or another is called a
________.
26) ________ receptors respond to damaging heat as well as capsaicin (chili peppers).