1) place these structures in the order that blood returning to the heart from the body
would pass through them.
1> right ventricle
2> left atrium
3> right atrium
4> pulmonary artery
5> left ventricle
6> pulmonary vein
a) 4, 2, 5, 6, 3, 1
b) 2, 5, 6, 4, 3, 1
c) 3, 1, 4, 6, 2, 5
d) 1, 3, 6, 4, 5, 2
e) 3, 2, 4, 6, 1, 5
2) adaptive significance is an important concept in physiology because it describes
a) the importance of a highly variable external environment.
b) the physiological functions that promote an organism’s survival.
c) the ability of an organism to monitor and restore its internal state to normal
conditions when necessary.
d) the similarities between ancient and modern marine organisms.
e) the parameters necessary to maintain a constant internal environment.
3) how would the absolute refractory period be affected if voltage-gated sodium
channels remained inactivated?
a) it would be longer than normal.
b) it would be shorter than normal.
c) it would be the same whether the channels remained inactivated or not.
d) none of the answers are correct.
4) match the name of the wave with the correlated event.
a. p wave
b. qrs complex
c. t wave
d. pr segment
e. st segment
ventricular depolarization
5) match the bipotential structure with its gender-specific result.
a. urethral folds and groove
b. gonad cortex
c. gonad medulla
d. wolffian duct
e. mllerian duct
ovary
6) according to the law of laplace, when comparing two alveoli lined with fluid,
pressure in the one with the ________ diameter will be greater.
a) larger
b) smaller
7) calcium is important in the synapse because it
a) is necessary for acetylcholine synthesis.
b) signals the exocytosis of the neurotransmitter.
c) binds to receptors on the postsynaptic cell, opening ion channels, and triggering
graded potentials.
d) leaves the axon terminal, hyperpolarizing the cell.
8) a hematocrit is used to indicate
a) only the ratio of red blood cells to the total blood volume.
b) only the packed cell volume.
c) only coagulation time.
d) the ratio of red blood cells to the total blood volume and the packed cell volume.
e) all of the answers are correct.
9) alveolar ventilation refers to the
a) movement of air into and out of the lungs.
b) movement of air into and out of the alveoli.
c) movement of dissolved gases from the alveoli to the blood.
d) movement of dissolved gases from the blood to the alveoli.
e) utilization of oxygen by alveolar cells to support metabolism.
10) match the bipotential structure with its gender-specific result.
a. urethral folds and groove
b. gonad cortex
c. gonad medulla
d. wolffian duct
e. mllerian duct
testis
11) during meiosis, the chromosome number is halved
a) during the first meiotic division.
b) during the second meiotic division.
c) prior to the first meiotic division.
d) prior to the first mitotic division.
12) ________ postganglionic sympathetic neurons secrete ________ onto their target
cells.
a) all, norepinephrine
b) most, norepinephrine
c) all, acetylcholine
d) most, acetylcholine
13) the fluid substance of blood is called ________.
14) the two extracellular compartments in the body are ________ and ________.
15) the inability to conceive a child despite having intercourse is ________.
16) explain how anticoagulant drugs can be useful to heart attack or stroke patients.
17) the chambers of the heart that receive blood from the veins are the ________.
18) describe the topographic organization of the somatosensory cortex.
19) explain what is meant by the contractility of the heart. how is contractility
controlled?
20) in typical women of reproductive age, the epithelial cells lining the uterus (the
endometrium) die and are shed from the body roughly once every month, in the process
of menstruation. the triggers in this process include chemical (hormonal) changes and
contraction of the blood vessels in the lining. cell death may be a result of either
apoptosis or necrosis. give the characteristics of each process. devise an argument for
classifying the process of menstruation as an example of apoptosis, and then argue for
classifying it as necrosis. which is correct?