1) you and your friends are having a sleepover. one of the friends falls asleep and is
snoring. the rest of you are talking loudly without waking her, but when you begin to
make cookies, the smell jolts her from sleep immediately. how can this be?
a.the brain blocks out most stimuli even though it is processing the information; a good
smell was worth attending to.
b.the brain can block out stimuli for only a limited time. the friend would have
awakened even without the cookie smell.
c.talking at any volume is soothing, so people can sleep through that but not the
strangeness of baking.
d.the brain cannot block any stimuli from reaching the cortex; the friend waking was
unrelated to the smell of cookies.
2) the most powerful imaging technique, which documents changes in magnetic forces
in the brain, is:
a.fmri
b.mri
c.psychophysiological assessment
d.eeg recording
3) according to the activation-synthesis hypothesis, dreaming is the result of:
a.neural stimulation, which activates mechanisms that normally interpret visual input
b.neural inhibition, which inhibits mechanisms that normally interpret visual input
c.inhibition of the amygdala
d.stimulation of the amygdala to process visual information
4) regarding smell, which of the following statements is probably most accurate?
a.people are better at discriminating among odors than they are at identifying them;
men generally outperform women.
b.people are better at discriminating among odors than they are at identifying them;
women generally outperform men.
c.people are better at identifying odors than they are at discriminating among them;
men generally outperform women.
d.people are better at identifying odors than they are at discriminating among them;
women generally outperform men.
5) which of the following statements is true regarding the use of deception in
psychological research?
a.it is integral to the conduct of scientifically valid research.
b.it generally decreases the scientific validity of psychological research.
c.it is occasionally necessary to safeguard the validity of the research.
d.it is no longer permissible in psychological research.
6) after transduction, most of the sensory neural information passes through which
structure?
a.hypothalamus
b.hippocampus
c.thalamus
d.amygdala
7) in making attributions about the behavior of people around them, people from
western cultures tend to emphasize _____ factors and people from eastern cultures tend
to emphasize _____ factors.
a.personal; personal and situational
b.personal and situational; personal
c.situational; personal and situational
d.personal and situational; situational
8) capsaicin rubs, tiger balm, and other salves used by athletes to soothe muscle injuries
create a burning sensation. this sensation is likely due to the fact that the skin receptors
they affect signal the release of _____, which eventually prevents the affected neurons
from transmitting pain signals.
a.substance p
b.endorphins
c.gaba
d.cholecystokinins
9) a scientist interested in studying intelligence shows people a stimulus and then
quickly takes it away. the scientist then does this repeatedly, with the stimulus shown
for different amounts of time, to find out how much time is needed for the participant to
correctly answer a question about the stimulus. people who can perform this task with
very short durations are likely to:
a.score within the normal range on intelligence tests
b.score lower on intelligence tests
c.score higher on intelligence tests
d.do poorly on inspection time tests
10) this early school of psychology used introspection to study subjective mental
experiences:
a.functionalism
b.behavioral
c.cognitive
d.structuralism
11) cross-cultural research shows that infants reach different developmental milestones:
a.at exactly the same pace
b.at different paces
c.occasionally at different paces, but almost always at the same pace
d.none of the above
12) which of the following thinkers would be least likely to use the expression a penny
for your thoughts or ask the question whats on your mind?
a.sigmund freud
b.b. f. skinner
c.ren descartes
d.george a. miller
13) the possibility that people may misrepresent themselves in their self-report is a
disadvantage in using _____, but this problem can be reduced by using _____.
a.projective tests; lie detectors
b.projective tests; better interviewers
c.psychological tests; validity scales
d.psychological tests; better interviewers
14) johann has an iq of 104 and avi has an iq of 115. johann has a much higher level of
interpersonal intelligence and kinesthetic intelligence than avi. they are both trying to
listen to their psychology lecture at the same time that someone is sitting outside the
room playing an ipod loudly. you might expect that johann will:
a.pay better attention to the lecture than avi
b.pay worse attention to the lecture than avi
c.divide his attention between the lecture and music better than avi
d.divide his attention between the lecture and music worse than avi