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The dorsal respiratory group in the medulla oblongata is involved with
A.inspiration.
B.expiration.
C.breathing rhythm.
D.both inspiration and expiration.
The first step in the scientific method involves the formation of a(n)
A.theory.
B.law.
C.experiment.
D.hypothesis.
Antihistamines would limit the gastric secretion of
A.pepsinogen.
B.gastrin.
C.hydrochloric acid.
D.mucus.
The most common type of anemia is
A.polycythemia.
B.pernicious anemia.
C.iron-deficiency anemia.
D.aplastic anemia.
Histamine secretion by the stomach would be prevented by destruction of the
A.D cells.
B.G cells.
C.chief cells.
D.enterochromaffin-like cells.
Small organic molecules that by themselves are NOT antigenic are called
A.antibodies.
B.haptens.
C.interferons.
D.complement.
Which type of EEG pattern in an awake adult is indicative of brain damage?
A.alpha waves
B.beta waves
C.theta waves
D.delta waves
The lining of the stomach is renewed every
A.2-3 days.
B.2 weeks.
C.2-3 hours.
D.2 months.
To form lactic acid from pyruvic acid it is necessary to have
A.NAD.
B.FAD.
C.NADH.
D.FADH.
Shock-wave lithotripsy is used to treat
A.polycystic kidney disease.
B.glomerulonephritis.
C.acute renal failure.
D.renal calculi.
What structure runs the length of the sarcomere and contributes to the elastic recoil in
muscle?
A.Z disk
B.titin
C.M line
D.actin
What causes the semilunar valves to close?
A.higher pressure in the ventricles than in the atria
B.higher pressure in the aorta and pulmonary trunk than in the ventricles
C.higher pressure in the atria than in the ventricles
D.higher pressure in the ventricles than aorta and pulmonary trunk
What structure holds the lens in place?
A. canal of Schlemm
B. suspensory ligament
C. choroid
D. iris
What neurotransmitter is released by the inner hair cells once they have depolarized?
A.glutamate
B.acetylcholine
C.ATP
D.norepinephrine
Bone resorption is produced by the action of _____________, which return bone
calcium and phosphate to the blood.
A.osteoblasts
B.osteoclasts
C.osteocytes
D.calcitonin
M2 receptors in the heart
A.decrease heart rate.
B.increase heart rate.
C.cause increased cytosolic Ca2+ in heart cells.
D.cause increased spontaneous depolarization in the heart.
The level of protein structure primarily involved in determining enzyme activity is the
A.primary structure.
B.secondary structure.
C.tertiary structure.
D.quaternary structure.
Autonomic motor nerves do NOT innervate
A. smooth muscle.
B. skeletal muscle.
C. cardiac muscle.
D. glands.
Blood flow to skeletal muscle would be _____________ in response to muscarinic
antagonists.
A.increased
B.decreased
C.not changed
Which of the following is NOT a type of glutamate receptor?
A. NMDA receptor
B. muscarinic receptor
C. kainate receptor
D. All of the choices are correct.
The pathway of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart is the
A. cardiac circulation.
B. systemic circulation.
C. pulmonary circulation.
D. pleural circulation.
Fat cells are less sensitive to insulin in
A.obese individuals.
B.anorexic individuals.
C.individuals who do not exercise.
D.individuals at their optimal weight.
Which stage of the cell cycle immediately precedes the S phase?
A. G1
B. G2
C. M
D. None apply
Units of bone composed of concentric rings of lamellae with their trapped osteocytes
are called
A.canaliculi.
B.osteons.
C.haversian systems.
D.Both osteons and haversian systems.
Insulin resistance may be stimulated by elevated concentrations of all of the following
EXCEPT
A.tumor necrosis factor alpha.
B.resistin.
C.adiponectin.
D.retinol binding protein 4.
Nerves that serve the arm come from the _______ plexus.
A. cervical
B. brachial
C. lumbar
D. sacral
Lipids containing glycerol would include _______________ and ____________.
A.triglycerides, steroids
B.prostaglandins, phospholipids
C.triglycerides, phospholipids
D.steroids, prostaglandins
Phagocytic cells include all of the following EXCEPT
A.microglia.
B.Kupffer cells.
C.lymphocytes.
D.macrophages.
What is found in the posterior cavity of the eyeball?
A.aqueous humor
B.blood
C.vitreous humor
D.pigment
How many H+ do the first two proton pumps of the electron transport system transport?
A. 2 each
B. 3 each
C. 4 each
D. 8 each
An element with 11 neutrons, 11 protons, and 11 electrons would have a mass numberof
A. 11
B. 33
C. 22
D. cannot be determined
Endogenously applied ______________ or tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) can
induce blood clot dissolution.
A.albumin
B.streptokinase
C.thromboxane A2
D.penicillin
Prolonged stress may stimulate
A. symptoms similar to Cushing's syndrome.
B. increased resistance to disease.
C. adrenal gland atrophy.
D. no apparent physiological changes.
How many neurons conduct sensory impulses from the periphery to the postcentral
gyrus?
A.one
B.two
C.three
D.four
