1) match the type of breathing with its description.
a. hyperpnea
b. hyperventilation
c. tachypnea
d. dyspnea
e. apnea
difficulty breathing
2) the importance of the plateau phase of the action potential of myocardial cells is in
a) preventing overstretching of the cells.
b) enhancing the efficiency of oxygen use by the cells.
c) preventing tetanus.
d) preventing fibrillation.
e) regulating ca2+ availability to the cells.
3) the thyroid hormones t3 and t4 are lipophilic so they do not require transporters to
cross cell membranes.
a) true
b) false
4) if channels are permeable to
a) na+ only
b) k+ only
c) ca2+ only
d) na+ and k+
e) ca2+ and k+
5) without cortisol’s permissive effect on ________, an animal would die.
a) insulin
b) glucagon
c) thyroid hormone
d) parathyroid hormone
e) aldosterone
6) which of the following substances is most alkaline?
a) lemon juice, ph = 2
b) urine, ph = 6
c) tomato juice, ph = 4
d) white wine, ph = 3
e) stomach secretions, ph = 1
7) match the condition with its description.
a. giantism
b. kyphosis
c. moon face
d. myxedema
e. goiter
hunchback appearance associated with osteoporosis
8) the adrenal medulla is important to the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous
system because
a) it is a source of catecholamines.
b) it is considered a modified sympathetic ganglion.
c) it releases epinephrine and norepinephrine directly into the blood.
d) it is a source of catecholamines and it is considered a modified sympathetic ganglion.
e) it is a source of catecholamines, it is considered a modified sympathetic ganglion,
and it releases epinephrine and norepinephrine directly into the blood.
9) in the fasted state, which of the following statements is false?
a) skeletal muscle will increase gluconeogenesis.
b) pyruvate and lactate are transported to liver to make glucose.
c) some amino acids will be deaminated.
d) adipose breaks down its store of triglycerides.
10) myogenic autoregulation means that
a) increased blood pressure in a vessel triggers relaxation in that vessel.
b) stretched smooth muscle in a blood vessel constricts reflexively.
c) blood vessel diameter is adjusted by centers in the brain through monitoring blood
pressure in areas throughout the body.
d) increased blood pressure in a vessel triggers relaxation in that vessel and blood
vessel diameter is adjusted by centers in the brain through monitoring blood pressure in
areas throughout the body.
e) stretched smooth muscle in a blood vessel constricts reflexively and blood vessel
diameter is adjusted by centers in the brain through monitoring blood pressure in areas
throughout the body.
11) the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) that causes the disease known as aids
selectively infects
a) b cells.
b) plasma cells.
c) cytotoxic t cells.
d) helper t cells.
e) suppressor t cells.
12) match the glial cell to the nervous system division in which it is found.
a. central nervous system
b. peripheral nervous system
microglia
13) compare/contrast the chemical bonds between adjacent monomers in dna, and
between two strands of dna.
14) match the structure to its function.
a. mouth
b. stomach
c. rectum
d. small intestine
e. large intestine
protein digestion begins here.
15) given what you know about blood pressure at various locations in the circulatory
system, what pressure is actually determined during a standard blood pressure
measurement? why is the arm the chosen location for determining blood pressure? is
there a more accurate way to determine blood pressure?
16) describe the anatomical and fluid compartments of the body. how do the lumens of
hollow organs fit into these classifications? which fluid-containing cavities are
considered to be internal and which are external? of those that are external, why are
they external (give examples)? you may wish to design a flow chart to help answer this.
17) measuring oxygen consumption as a way of estimating a person’s metabolic rate is a
type of ________.
18) design a concept map that shows the types of reflexes, the basis for their
classification, and their functions.
19) the amount of blood returning to the heart is the ________.
20) narrowing of the opening of a heart valve is referred to as ________.
21) describe the process of relaxation of a skeletal muscle fiber.